Fund Raising And Treatment Benefit Research For Basic Pensions Nationwide

Piloted and established in counties and cities firstly,the basic retirement insurance for urban employees in China has been fragmentary at the beginning.At present,the basic retirement insurance for urban employees is at the level of provincial pooling.The low level of pooling causes some problems that the basic retirement pension of each cities cannot be shared and portability of social pooling fund is poor.The problem of pooling level has attracted attention of central government since the establishment of systems.With the advance of practice and the deepening of studies,the pooling level of basic retirement insurance for urban employees in China focuses on the national unified management of basic pensions.From the carding and analysis of the studies on national unified management of basic pensions in China and overseas,it can be seen that present researches have not given an accurate category and standard for national unified management and lack root explorations for its reasons.This thesis explicitly indicates the category of national unified management is basic pensions,and deems that the root of basic pensions under national unified management is from its property as a public product,from which it is found that “equity” is the key problem in basic pensions under national unified management.Moreover,fund raising and payment of benefit is the core problem of reformation.Based on the idea of “equity”,this study conducted the research on fund raising and payment of benefit of basic pensions under national unified management.The following aspects are included:(1)Establishment of the national unified system.The thesis proposed that basic pension should implement pooling pattern of “unified collection and allocation of funds by the state",while fund-raising pattern of PAYG and payment pattern of defined benefit type for social pooling account should be continued,with payment of benefit related to income.(2)Calculation of desirable substitution rate of basic pensions under national unified management.From the objective of basic pensions insuring retirees' living demands,it is calculated that the desirable substitution rate should be within the range from 20% to 30% by using ELES and the lowest living standards for urban residents.The warning line of desirable substitution rate of basic pensions is 12%.(3)Calculation of determined standard of social insurance base and unified contribution rate.The range of social insure base is between 40% and 600% based on the national average wage.Calculated by applying insurance actuary and dynamic equilibrium model,it is reasonable to set the national unified contribution rate at 19%,and it can remain at this rate until around 2031,after which the rate can be decreased to 15% periodically.(4)Designing payment method for national unified management.The structure of present providing method can be maintained from the aspects of equity standard and system connection demand of payment to determine the providing method of national unified management.The provincial average wage is substituted by national average wage,and the adjustment of providing base is determined---when individual average payment index is between 0.8 and 2,national average wage and individual indexing wage are allocated according to the redistribution of 0.5;when it is less than 0.8,each decreasing of 0.1 is followed by the decreasing redistribution of 0.1;when it is more than 2,they are allocated by the redistribution of 0.4.The main innovations in this study include:(1)combined with the theories and researches of equity and basic retirement insurance system for urban employees,the thesis proposed the perspective of equity of basic pensions under national unified management,and took it as the important idea throughout the whole paper.(2)Taking the desirable substitution rate of basic pensions under national unified management as a link,fund-raising and payment of benefit are elaborated and researched systematically by applying quantitative method.The research of fund-raising of basic pensions under national unified management offsets the deficiency of few research on the problem of current fund-raising.(3)When studying the payment of benefit of basic pensions under national unified management,the concepts of redistribution intensity and contribution of payment of basic pensions are introduced and defined innovatively,offering new way for studying and designing providing method.