Research On Port Performance From The Perspective Of Freight Forwarders

With the further advancement of the transportation network of global logistics,China's Container ports are also developing rapidly.In 2016,among the top 10 annual throughput(TEU)ports,China has already occupied seven of these ports.The continuous development of the ports put forward higher requirements for the level of ports' performance.This is not only reflected in the efficiency of port-related production operation,but also reflected by the satisfaction which the ports provide with services.Such development of the ports is inseparable from the close cooperation of the main service objects-freight forwarders.In order to maintain its predominant position among the increasingly fierce competition,ports needs to obtain a large number of stable goods supply,thus,the port operator pay more attention to the freight forwarders.The ports performance evaluation from the perspective of freight forwarders is beneficial to help the port operators to find the shortcomings in the port operation process,which can urge the ports to improve their own conditions,and provide a higher level of service.Based on the earliest study of port performance,follow-up development and the port performance research made by scholars both domestic and abroad,we conclude that the trend of port performance research is to take into account the effectiveness of the port performance and efficiency of performance,and attach more importance to the level of service-related port-based performance of efficiency.We introduce principal-agent theory and the service performance theory,and elaborate the manifestation of these basic theories in port logistics service and freight forwarding activities as well as summarize the demands of freight forwarders in port logistics service.As port provides logistic service to freight forwarders,we confirm that the port performance evaluation is actually the port logistics service performance evaluation made by freight forwarders.Combined with the demands of freight forwarders reflected in the port logistics services,we conclude five factors that affect the port performance evaluation from the perspective of freight forwarders: the basis conditions of port,operating time,service cost,reliability and convenience.We refine the selection to reflect the specific needs of freight forwarders on the basis of the above five factors and take them as the foundation of survey.According to the evaluation methods used in the performance evaluation of the relevant research and the perspective of the freight forwarders,we investigate the freight forwarders in Ningbo and analyze the data by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Fuzzy Evaluation Method(Fuzzy-AHP).It is concluded that from perspective of the freight forwarders in Ningbo the performance evaluation of Ningbo port is in a general level,it is concluded that the efficiency and expense of customs,inspection and quarantine departments are the most adverse influential parts on the performance of Ningbo Port.At the same time,freight forwarders are also concerned about the effect of the change of port-related policies.We put forward the specific measures to improve the port performance of Ningbo port on the basis of evaluation results.At the end of the dissertation,we point out the shortcomings of this paper and the direction of follow-up research.