Study On The Optimization Of Long-term Care Insurance System In China

Since the 21st century,"silver wave" began sweeping the world,as a populous country,China is also facing the serious aging problem.In last year alone,the number of people over the age of 60,a net increase of about 860 million,which means that every 1 minute,there will be 16.5 elderly people across the threshold of the age of 60.Into the aging,especially the elderly,people often faced with double care needs of physiology and psychology.But on the other hand,with the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,the separation of family members has increased,the number of empty nest elderly has increased rapidly,and the function of family care has been gradually weakened.The plan of "Thirteenth Five-Year" national aging development and pension system construction pointed out that by 2020,the national population aged over 60 will increase to about 255 million,the proportion of the total population increased to about 17.8%;the elderly will be increased to about 29 million people,living alone and empty nest elderly will be increased to about 118 million people,the elderly dependency ratio will be raised to about 28%,and the number of disabled elderly will be reached up to 42 million.Therefore,the establishment of long-term care insurance system has become the top issue to actively cope with population aging,enhance people's well-being,promote social fairness and justice,and maintaining social stability.On July 1,2012,the Qingdao municipal government issued the trial balloon of opinions on establishing a long term medical care insurance system,became the first city to build a long-term care insurance system to fill the gaps in the field of nursing insurance system in mainland China.This article selects the representative of the long-term medical care insurance in Qingdao as a starting point to study the construction of long-term care insurance system in China.Based on the framework of Gilbert's social welfare policy,this paper analyzed the specific contents,implementation effects and existing problems of long term medical insurance in Qingdao,found that long-term care insurance system in Qingdao effectively reduced the burden of the disabled elderly and their families,improved the disabled elderly living conditions,promoted the development of medical care institutions,effectively reducing the pressure of medical insurance fund,optimized the allocation of medical resources.However,due to the lack of domestic successful experience as reference and the impact of the actual national conditions,there are still some problems in the long term medical insurance in Qingdao,such as the lack of legislation,lack of independence,narrow scope of nursing service,unscientific evaluation criteria,lack of nursing institutions and personnel.In this paper,by analyzing the social long-term care insurance system in Germany,Japan and Taiwan,based on the reality of our country,the author puts forward some feasible suggestions on the protection object,service content,service delivery channel,financing mode and supporting system.It is expected that China will be able to build a diversified,multi-level and broad coverage long-term care insurance system to adapt to China's socialist market economic system.