The Elderly Long-term Care Insurance System Constructs In China On The Perspective Of The Welfare Pluralism Theory

Since 1950s, countries stepped into aging team one by one. The phenomenon of the aging becomes more serious over time. China is inevitably faced with the problem of aging of population which is a worldwide social problem. The aging problem becomes more and more prominent in the new century, mainly due to our long-term implementation of family planning policy and longer life expectancy and other factors. At present, China has been the study of domestic aging group, and has achieved some good results, but these researches only focus on social insurance for the elderly, social support, social care and other aspects of the old. The long-term care system for the elderly is not enough. Now, China's research mainly concerned about analysis, necessities, and mode selection of long-term care insurance, foreign insurance enlightenments and suggestions on the mainland and other aspects. Few researchers study from a particular system theory to interpret and analyze. Under the background of "Health Aging" advocated by the World Health Organization, the elderly care insurance system began to slowly put on the agenda.On the crisis of the welfare states and during the reflection of the government's role in social welfare, welfare pluralism theory came into being. The theory advocates diversification of social welfare body, emphasizing role of the family and non-profit organizations and others. The long-term care insurances include commercial long-term care and social long-term care insurance. The commercial Long-term care insurance is mainly based on market demand by insurance companies, provide a commercial insurance coverage and emphasize role of the market. Long-term care insurance belongs to social insurance, and mainly includes home care, community care and institutional care. Long-term care insurance's forms and contents make full use of functions of state, communities, families and market. It constitutes a diversified system of welfare support network. Subjects and contents of long-term care insurance system are different in different countries, environments and systems, and they will have different tendencies. Long-term care insurance in the US has a commercial feature, while Japan and Taiwan's insurance belongs to the social insurance. Each country's long term care insurances are different based on their respective national conditions, ideology, economic and environmental conditions, but they have one thing in common: they all take full advantages of roles of state, communities, families and market, which constitute a diversified welfare support network.In China, the elderly long-term care insurance system has not really established yet. On the one hand, elderly social health insurance lack content, social health insurance obstacles such as "minimum line" and "maximum line", and the implementation of family planning policies led to the miniaturization of family structure, making supply scarcity for the elderly care insurance provided by state, society and home. There are serious problems on supply. On the other hand, the elderly need for long-term care insurance increase continuously, includes not only medical expenses, but also life care, and along with the development of civil society, the protection of the rights of older persons to their own sense of becoming stronger. Long term care insurance in China is previewing serious contradiction between supply and demand. Based on the long-term care insurance's contradictions, we propose to build a "strong government" and "Great Society"-type long-term care insurance system for elders. Firstly, the model emphasizes on leading and coordinating role of "strong government", which is decided by public goods nature of long-term care insurance. Secondly, the model will build long-term care insurance services delivery system based on "Great Society", and will form supply pattern which is mainly comprised of family-based care and community care and supplemented by institutional care. Through the interaction of government, market, families, communities and other organizations, all together will make due contributions to the elderly care insurance.