Study On Spatial Optimization Of Rural Residential Land Based On Spatial Evolution

Along with the accelerated development of urbanization and rural construction, rural area lies in metropolitan boarders has tempestuously changed its space distribution. Facing the situation of rural settlements sprawl, scattered distribution,low efficiency of land use, the study of the rural spatial distribution optimization and reconstruction lays the foundation for rural land management planning work. First, this article uses the method of variation coefficient and Voronoi diagram, combined with the driving mechanism of the rural settlement distribution evolution and optimization reconstruction research, to analysis the rural characteristics of rural spatial distribution scale evolvement from the year of 1995 to 2015. Second, this article analyzes the spatial distribution of rural settlement by using landscape index method. Then, based on temporal and spatial evolution characteristics, this article used the method of landscape index and buffer analysis to analyze how natural factors, social factors and economic factors make influence on rural residential areas. Furthermore, this article recognizes the driving mechanism by geographical detector analysis. Third, based on the driving mechanism of rural settlement space distribution, this article designed the optimization mode about spatial distribution.Through the above research, the conclusions of this paper were summarized as follows:(1) From the scale evolution characteristics: the total scale of rural settlement continues to grow accelerately, but discrete degree of the total scale were reduced. There is a different tendency between different towns. Their scale evolution characteristics and discrete process is different, which reflects the rural economy and landform evolution of rural settlement play an important role in amount evolvement.(2) From the spatial evolution characteristics: the rural settlement speeded up the trend of agglomeration. Agglomeration degree and agglomeration trend are influenced by administrative region division, the difference of topography, altitude elevation difference, and the geographical element such as rivers, roads, showed different trends.Third, combining with analysis of the present situation and development, different villages and towns have different development potentials.(3) From the evolution: the rural scale evolution was affected by the trunk road density and the value of the agriculture and other factors, so it is considered to be driven by economics and transportation. Different size of rural settlement mainly affected by the average altitude, the density of water and food production, so it is also driven by natural environment and agricultural production. The spatial distribution of the rural residential areas was influenced by all the geographical elements. Among them, the distance to the town, road density, and the value of the agriculture greatly affect the rural spatial distribution. Therefore, it is driven by the potential economic development at the same time.(4) From the primary factors: First, there were five optimization model of the rural residential areas: "Local Urbanization Model", "Central Agglomeration Model","Remove-Combination model", "Along the road Model", "Internal Enhancing Model".According to the integrated regional evaluation of various villages and towns, this article optimizes the villages and towns systematically. Finally, according to natural and economic factors, this article determines the rural residential optimization model by overlay spatial analysis.