The Infiuence Of Qing Banning Policies On The Thriving And Failure Of Mongolia Traveling Merchants

Under the unified background at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,the rulers carried on a series of banning policies including the Mongolia system of Meng and Qi in order to better govern the northern frontier and maintain stability;At the same time,for support the banning policies,the Qing government according to the actual situation in Mongolia,propped up a special business group-Mongolia traveling merchants.Through strict management,Qing government controlled Mongolia traveling merchants,both for the economy demand of Mongolia and for the goal of governing Mongolia.Mongolia traveling merchants were thus arose at the historic moment.Under the protection and support of Qing government in the banned policies,Mongolia traveling merchants obtained the trade monopoly in Mongolian region,quickly established a mature trading system to reap profits,and prospered.But the development of Mongolia traveling merchants was a kind of abnormal business without a solid economic foundation.When the Qing Dynasty faced the problems at home and abroad,whose banned policies towards Mongolia were forced to relax,and foreign intervention participated in Mongolia trade competition.The business monopoly of Mongolia traveling merchants was broken,and they lost trade advantages,and were bound to decline.Mongolia traveling merchants failed completely at the late of Qing Dynasty.So the banned policies of Qing Dynasty to Monte were the root cause of the thriving and failure of Mongolia traveling merchants,and also were the root cause of decline.Mongolia traveling merchants grew up under the banned policies of Qing Dynasty to Mongolia,and made a profound impact on the history development of Qing generation,whose commercial activities in Mongolian region,on the other hand,ensured the supply of goods in Mongolia while were beneficial to maintain northern frontier order and stable;on the other hand,objectively caused great negative influence on Mongolia region,which was the important factor to cause Mongolia region impoverishment.