Research On Labor Disposition Behavior Of Rural Households In Southwest China

A series of changes have taken place in China's rural after 38 years of The Reform and Opening-up-up, so as to the peasant household labor configuration mode. Labor is the most active and creative resources for farmers, its configuration mode makes a decisive influence on farmers income structure and income level. At the beginning of the Reform and Opening-up, a large number of surplus rural labor force shift to the developed provinces. With the development of rural economy, nowadays some rural farmers'labor configuration has changed. What are these new changes? What brought about the naissance of the new changes? What about these new changes? How to use these new changes as the basis of policy making? These questions constitute the logic main line of this article.In this paper, based on the peasant household survey data of Yuquan Village and Pianyang Village in the Guizhou Province. Big village as the research object, the farmers as "rational economic man" pursuit of maximizing the economic interests as the starting point, center on the big village farmers labor allocation behavior, explore the new change on the labor configuration behavior under the big village environment. This article reviews the domestic and foreign research literature of farmers'labor configuration, found that there is little about big village environment as the background the behavior of peasant household labor configuration document. This became the innovation which can be used for writing this article. Then, this article uses the theory of human capital and labor resources allocation theory as the support, analysis the labor configuration mode differences between large village and little village. So as to analysis influence factors of farmers' labor configuration from two aspects:inside and outside the home. Finally, this paper made an evaluation of the effectiveness on farmers' labor configuration mode, summarizes the research results, then gives a reasonable policy suggestions. In this paper, based on farmer household labor configuration mode and source of income, farmers can be divided into four types:pure farmers, agriculture farmers and non-agricultural farmers, pure non-agricultural farmers. This study shows that:(1) In relation to the medium village, there are some new changes in rural labor supply of big village. Which performance in the overall distribution of rural labor, although the big village's four types of households is still dominated by pure non- agricultural households, compared to the medium village, however, it has balanced development trends. Labor configuration in region, big village's rely more and more on its village and nearby environment, fully configured in the labor force in the village with fully configured outside the province, roughly the number of labor; configuration into the village to foreign labour to 62.12%, has the absolute advantage. On farmers labor configuration field, although proportion of people who work in the Omura and hamlet are the highest, but the big village is 25.44% lower than the medium village; More importantly, there is almost no non-agricultural industry in medium village, while big village has 12.70% of the workforce in the individual business. Although the proportion of it is not higher than "working", and "farming", but as the core part of the new changes, should not be ignored.(2) The development of agricultural and non-agricultural industry is the key factor for the difference in rural labor variance configuration between the big village and medium village. Farmers'allocation of labor force behavior is influenced by many family factors, such as rural and agricultural, non-agricultural development level of influence of external factors. Family factors in explaining the behavior of rural labor allocation within the same village are more appropriate, but external factors are more persuasive in explaining the Omura and allocation of labor force behavior of village farmers.(3) Large village and medium village farmers labor configuration mode are farmers in combination with household comparative advantage and the status of the rural economic development to make rational choice, big village farmers'labor configuration way is more conducive to solve the problems like "rural hollowing out", an aging population, the agricultural labour force of women, lefl-behind children in rural areas.(4) Proposed to be adapted to local conditions, depending on the rural development of recommendations for suitable policies for rural development, promoting the peasant household labor resources supply decision-making more hasten is reasonable and to avoid the development of rural "mining". For Omura, the Government should provide technology for agricultural development, information services, and big village transformation of agricultural development as the center, promoting agricultural development in the countryside. Use the Internet, enhance large village in the development of non-agricultural industries gathered advantage, build rural environment conducive to the development of non-agricultural economy, promote the development of rural non-agricultural economy. Improving the rural financial market, guide to rural social capital flows, provide financial support for development of agricultural and non-agricultural industries.For a medium village, it is important to solve the social problems caused by population movements, provide desirable targeted vocational training for farmers, increase their stock of human capital, and reduce the risk of mismatch of rural labor."Combating poverty must help mentally first", which promote the development of rural compulsory education and vocational skills training, the development of modern agriculture, and training farmers.