| Technical efficiency is one of the important issues in analyzing economic growth. Therefore, the tourism enterprises should pay special attention to the technical efficiency when pursuit economic benefits. As one of the pillar industries of tourism enterprises, then so should the travel agencies. However, due to regional differences in china, the quality and quantity difference of people, money and physical resources are diverse, so technical efficiency of travel agencies exist obvious gap, which is adverse for the regional coordinated development and the sustainable development of tourism industry. This research can help understand the distribution particularity of technical efficiency of travel agencies by analyzing the spatial agglomeration characteristic and the variation between different regions. So this research will provide a theory guide in improving the harmonious development between regions.The purpose of this research:(1) Based on the DEA model, the research measures the technical efficiency level of travel agency in china. (2) By global autocorrelation and spatial autocorrelation analysis, this research summarizes the spatial relativity of technical efficiency in travel agencies.(3) By convergence model of technical efficiency, this research discusses the technical efficiency convergence of travel agencies from sigma convergence, absolute convergence and conditional convergence. The research describes the change of gap of technical efficiency between china's travel agencies in space.The main content of this research:By summarizing and evaluating former research results about technical efficiency of travel agencies, this research selects 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions as research samples to analyze the technical efficiency of travel agencies guided by efficiency theory, location theory regional spatial structure theory, and the theory of industry cluster theory. Firstly, this research combines the DEA model and Malmquist index to measure and analyze the technical efficiency of travel agencies. The results are described from space and time. Then, this research studies the spatial autocorrelation of technical efficiency by using Geoda. The research conclusion indicates the spatial agglomeration, the spatial relationship between different travel agencies in different regions, and also shows the change of the cluster center. Finally, based on constructing the convergence model, this research examines the convergence characteristic of technical efficiency of travel agencies from three angles. The findings show the change of technical efficiency gap between regional travel agencies over time. Moreover, in the conditional convergence test, the influence factors which will affect the change of technical efficiency gap are researched.The conclusions of this research:(1) The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis show that the Moran's I value presents the change of inverted "U". So the spatial correlation of technical efficiency of travel agencies is continually enhanced during 2000-2008. From 2008 to 2013, technical efficiency of travel agencies displays the weakening of spatial correlation. Moreover, technical efficiency of travel agencies presents a descending from eastern region to western region.High technical efficiency mainly gathered in eastern region, and it is transferring to south east coastal areas.Low technical efficiency mainly gathered in central region and western region.In addition, significant spatial difference still exists in the western region. (2) In terms of congvergence analysis results, the sigma congvegence index of technical efficiency of travel agencies is fluctuant nationwide, as well as eastern, central and western regions during 2000-2013. So the sigma convergence of gap is not obvious between the provinces. The results of convergence analysis indicate that conditional convergence and unconditional convergence exist in technical efficiency of travel agencies on national scale. However, conditional convergence exists only in eastern, central and western regions. (3) For the influence factors, national areas and eastern, central and western regions are affected by the different factors.The disposable and the added value of tertiary industry have obviously influence on technical efficiency of travel agencies in national scale.The change of the number of hotels affects technical efficiency of travel agencies in eastern area. There is no clear influence on technical efficiency of travel agencies in middle area. For the technical efficiency of travel agencies in western area, the level of GDP per capita is a main factor.The innovation of this research:(1) The research takes the travel agencies for example to analyze the technical efficiency in space deeply, which further enriches the study about the tourism enterprises. (2) Through the spatial analysis and convergence model, this research studies the change of spatial relationship and the gap of technical efficiency, which is comparatively insufficient in previou studies on the efficiency of travel agencies. |
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