Research On The Evaluation Of Technology Innovation Capability Of China's Industry Leading Industry Based On DEA And Factor Analysis

Enacted in 2010 the national "Twelfth Five Year Plan" science and technology development plan "made it clear that one of the overall goal of" Twelfth Five Year Plan",the development of science and technology is" comprehensive national innovation capacity in the world ranking from the current 21 up to 18 "with the development of the world economy and between nations,regions and enterprises competition has become increasingly fierce.In the science and technology revolution leading the world economy today,the level of technological innovation ability has become one of the important factors to measure the state of economic development.Leading industry is the strategic leading industry of national economy,which plays an important role in accelerating the process of China's new industrialization and building an innovative country.From the perspective of industrial economics,technological innovation can enhance the industrial value chain of enterprises to the middle of the separation,the two ends of the extension".Because in the process of economic activities,between the various industries exist extensive,complex and close economic and technical relations,so if the dominant industry in the industrial value chain through technological innovation first to obtain the dominant position,make the product upgrading,so it will requires the network of relationships within the industry can provide to meet its technical requirements of raw materials or parts,develop the corresponding marketing plan,provide more advanced technical support,better service,so that the industry value chain is in a state of benign cycle.The leading industry can not only make the innovation meets the requirements and can achieve rapid innovation,and coordination with the upstream and downstream sectors,rapid technological innovation into products,and quickly and effectively to the market,and then into the competitive advantage of industry,the industry the whole industry value chain and the link in a good position,truly a win-win the situation,and ultimately promote the development of the industry,the development of the industry to promote the development of the economy,technology innovation and improve the leading industry value chain,leading industry value chain to promote the development of related industries,and the development of the industry will also stimulate technological innovation ability,realize the evolution of society in the process of mutual promotion.Further,technological innovation is not only the fundamental means to enhance the leading industry value chain,and promote thedevelopment of related industries,but also to enhance the national competitiveness,and is the key to the transformation of the mode of economic development.Therefore,in order to achieve sound and rapid economic development and build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society,we must attach great importance to the theory and practice of the technological innovation capability of the leading industry.In this paper,we first use DEA to evaluate the industrial industries in china.The main data from 2009-2013 China Statistical Yearbook,China Industrial Economy Statistical Yearbook,select the gross value of industrial output,all employees average annual number,net value of fixed assets in average balance,main business cost,total taxes and other as the evaluation index.CCR model,the use of models,indicators,data analysis,the final analysis of five years are effective industrial.Secondly,using the factor analysis method for empirical research of leading industries in China's industrial and selected total assets contribution rate,main business income growth rate,induction degree coefficient,influence coefficient,the proportion of total industrial output value,industrial profit and tax rate,employment rate,R & D intensity as the evaluation index,data also choose China Statistical Yearbook,China Industrial Economy Statistical Yearbook,China Statistical Yearbook on science and technology indicators,through the standardization of data processing and kmo and Bartlett's test of sphericity.By adjusting the data were analyzed by principal component analysis,to extract the common factor and calculate the correlation coefficient matrix R of characteristic value and the variance contribution rate.According to the empirical results,the scores of each factor and comprehensive factor of several industries are obtained.Finally,the results of DEA and factor analysis method are combined with the analysis of the 5 leading industries,again using the factor analysis method to evaluate the leading industry technology innovation capability of our industry,select the R&D personnel,R&D expenditures and R&D internal expenditures in instruments and equipment,technology spending the transformation of expenditure,the number of patent applications,the number of invention patents,the number of papers,the introduction of technology science and technology expenditure,technology introduction of digestion and absorption of expenditure,the main business income,total industrial output value,the proportion of R&D expenditures of government capital,R&D expenditures in the enterprise funds,the researchers accounted for the proportion of Industrial Enterprises above the scale of export delivery value,new product development expenditure,the sales of new products,new products such as the evaluation of export earnings Index,empirical analysis sampleunit integrated into three has a practical significance of the common factors,combined with the technological innovation activities of technology research and development,technology absorption and diffusion three research directions and to present stage our country industrial five leading industries technological innovation ability evaluation results.Transport equipment manufacturing industry technological innovation ability is the most balanced,three factors have certain advantages;independent innovation ability of computer,communications and other electronic equipment,the strongest,but in terms of technology and technology diffusion and absorption are not dominant;electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry is more obvious in the self absorption of innovation and technology advantages however,technology diffusion is at a disadvantage;pharmaceutical manufacturing and electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry on the contrary,in innovation and technology absorption were negative,but the technology diffusion is superior;the weakest coal mining and washing industry technology innovation ability,even if the state of resource exploitation and utilization to enhance the direction of more attention and willing to give support,coal mining and dressing industry itself is also constantly innovative research,but because of their own property restrictions,and no gain Good effect.