| There was a pair of brothers in Yangzhou of Qing Dynasty.The older brother was Yue-guan Ma,and the yonger one was named Yue-lu Ma.They builded a garden which was called Xiao Ling Long Shan Guan.There was a building named Cong Shu Lou in the garden.The pair of brothers collected many books in the building and entertained guests from all over the world in it.They were good at composing Chinese Poems and famous at the Qing Dynasty,so people at the time called them "The Ma Brothers in Yangzhou".When the Qianlong Emperor started to compile the series of book named Si Ku Quan Shu,the son of Yue-guan Ma donated 776 books,which made the Ma family more famous.The article is divided into four chapters,and there are two attached forms.The first chapter researches their family and life.There are three problems to illustrate.First,Yue-lu Ma was born in 1695,and the death time later than the fall of 1776.Second,we cannot sure whether Yue-guan Ma had attended the imperial examinations.Third,Ma Yu did not mean the name of somebody and it maybe the name of company.In the second half of the first chapter,we can know the composition of their families from a relational graph and understand their personality from the historical record.We can touch their inner world based on two Poems.The second chapter analysis how they collected books.First of all,we search for the cause from the social background of their live why they liked collecting books and printing books.Secondly,the article describes the process of their collecting books,including how to identify and store books.The most books of the Ma family were from Zhao Yu and Wu Chao,and the Ma Brothers asked their friends to help them copy many good books.The article show some pictures of seals which were used to prove the ownership by marking on the books.Although there are many books in Ma’ s home,but all books were lost little by little in the end.The third chapter analyzes the bibliography of Ma’s printing books.Firstly,make the table of Ma’s printing books based on the article of gui-ping wang and sheng-liang fang,then comprehensive analyze weather the 24 printing books in the table were printed by the Ma brothers.The research found that the materials from Li Dou Yangzhou original record that the Ma brothers printed Shuo Wen Jie Zi,Yu Pian,Guang Yun and Zi Jian are lack of other evidence,at the same time these books printed from the Ma brothers in the library collection is also not found.But Li Dou’s living time is very close to the Ma brothers,and he get along with Yuan Mei,RuanYuan,Zhao-yan Jin,so he was difficult to record the error.We can determine that the Ma brothers most likely printed the four books,but the impact is small later in the dissemination process.Secondly,on the basis of analysis of 24 printing books,list two tables about Ma’s printing books and the table is divided into confirmed and suspected printing books from the Ma brothers.Thirdly,a total of the Ma’s printing books is 26,printed independently by the Ma’s family is 19 books and 81 volumes.In addition,the analysis of the relationship between the title of Shi-yuYao’s two works,and explain why the Chan Shou Zhai Yi Gao also known as Lian Hua zhuang.Finally,combine previous evaluation of the Ma Brother’s printing books and give objective comments on the books.The fourth chapter tells the story of Ma’s family donating their books to the royal family on the basis of widely collecting historical record.We can summarize from the historical material included Si Ku Quan Shu and Si Ku Cai Jin Shu Mu and record of their friends that they collected 782 books altogether.The passage according to the Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu Ti Yao carry out the qualitative and quantitative research,reflecting the number of various types of Ma’s collecting kooks in graphs and charts.By this data to explore why JiBu class included the most books.It maybe connected with Ma’s loving poems.At the same time,the analytic part of the Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu Ti Yao help to understand the quality of the Ma’s collecting books. |
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