Student Discourse Rights Research

Along with the advance of the new curriculum reform and democratization of education, the dominant position of students continuously attracts people's attention, the educational idea of "student- centered" has become the banner of guiding the educational reform. Although students have been given a lot of discourse power in the institutional and theoretical level, students' discourse right is still very limited in the actual teaching process. This paper takes the students' discourse right as the breakthrough point, through the presentation of students' discourse power and the analysis of influencing factors, it leads to some thinking of schools and educational workers.This paper selects two classes of a primary school of Nanjing city (N Primary School) as the research objects. By using qualitative research method, the present situation of students' discourse power is presented from four aspects:discourse opportunity, discourse form, discourse content and discourse power. Firstly, the endowment of students' discourse opportunity stems from textual system endowment and factual teacher endowment, and this part analyzes mainly the limitation of students' discourse opportunity from the perspectives of "ought to be "and "ought to be". Secondly, discourse form is inappropriate, which mainly embody in three aspects including ceremonial expression, model expression and single expression. Thirdly, discourse content is limited to the content of the textbook and teacher's authority. Fourthly, discourse power is reflected in the inequality of discourse power between teachers and students and between students. Combined with the present situation of students' discourse power, the author focuses on the school field and analyzes the influence factors of students' discourse power from the school, teachers and students. School factors include management system based discipline and evaluation system of achievement orientation. Teacher factors include teacher's role definition and professional literacy. Student factors include students' discourse right consciousness and personality characteristics.In the end, this paper returns to school education and tries to put forward the possible ways to improve the students' discourse power in order to achieve the ideal state of students' discourse right. Perhaps this ideal state can never be achieved, but we will realize clearly the realistic situation students in the process of thinking and searching and narrow the gap between ideality and reality in action.