The Creative Achievements And Influencing Factors Of Outstanding Figures In Different Fields In China's Tang And Song Dynasties

Form the year of 1950,there were too much and exciting researches of creativity being conducted across multiple methods.Nowadays,most studies focus on the everyday innovation(little C),such as those creative actions in which the nonexpert may participate each day,not the eminent creative contributions(Big C).In the creativity research,method of historiometry has a unique advantage which can study the most creative geniuses' creativity.The researches about developmental features and influential factors of Chinese most creative geniuses' creativity could contribute to reveal developmental principles of creative talents,which is also a historical puzzle waiting for researchers to figure out.This paper mainly focus on the influential factors and domain differences of Chinese most creative geniuses.Although the predecessors have also carried out some studies,most concentrate on the domain difference of psychopathology,and not involve developmental adversity and other individual variables.At the same time,there are rare historiometic studies which focus on Chinese most creative geniuses.This paper studied on the Chinese most eminent geniuses in three different domains,in order to explore the influential factors of creative achievement and the domain differences on different research variables,hoping to verify the predecessors' result and throw light on principles of creative talents.In this study,183 creative talents in three domains(the literature,art and science)of Tang and Song were selected.Participants' independent variables were compiled by two trained research assistants using the character's biography and encyclopaedias.The creative achievement was measured by "the creative achievement scale" which was developed by Ludwig(1992).Three studies were conducted to investigate the influential factors and domain differences of Chinese most creative geniuses.The first study explored the influential factors of creative achievement.The second study attempted to figure out the domain differences of all independent variables in predicting the creative achievement.On the basis of study 2,the third study explored the relationship between psychopathology and developmental adversity when they were both predicting the creative achievement.In this way,the trade-off theory which has first discovered in western Historiometric studies could be testified in the samples from Chinese civilization.The conclusions are as follows:First,the intelligence precocity,religion faith,migration and mentor were four important influential factors on creative achievements of Chinese most creative talents.Specifically,intelligence precocity,religion faith,migration were three important influential factors on creative achievements of Chinese most creative writers.For artists,mentor was the important influential factors on their creative achievement.What's more,migration and mentor could affect scientists' creative achievement significantly.Second,the four individual variables,intelligence precocity,religion faith,migration and mentor,all displayed domain differences in predicting the creative achievement.In other words,different kinds of relationships were found between creative achievement and individual factors among three domains.For religion faith,positive monotonic function was found for writers and artists,not for scientists.With regard to mentor,positive monotonic function was found for artists and scientists,not for writers.Besides,developmental adversity could positively predict writers' creative achievement,but for scientists,it was a negative predictor.Furthermore,psychopathology approximately had positive predict ability to creative achievement of writers and artists.Third,the psychopathology and developmental adversity was found not always confirm the trade-off theory in predicting the creative achievement,instead them showed more complex relationships including trade-off for writers and positive correlation for artists.