Research On The Relationship Between Game Style, Emotional Comprehension And Child Prosocial Behavior

Prosocial behavior benefits to others and society, it is conducive to social harmony and stability, is essential factor to live in harmony with each other. Prosocial behavior research began to prevail from the sixties and seventies of the twentieth century .The research on the prosocial behavior of the predecessors is quite successful, mainly exploring the origin, nature and various factors influencing the prosocial behavior,roughly dividing into two dimensions: internal and external factors. But most studies explored only one dimension, this study was to select the external angle (game mode) and internal angle (emotional comprehension) of infant prosocial behavior, and type of prosocial behavior is helping, comforting, and sharing behavior.In the first study, we investigated the effects of different game modes on prosocial behavior of preschool children, using the mixed design of 2 (game mode: cooperation and competition) * 2(age: four and five). Participants were randomly assigned to the cooperative and competitive game mode, followed by situational experiment to measure three prosocial behavior of helping, comforting, and sharing. The results showed that:(1)Age has significant effect on prosocial behavior, and the prosocial behavior increases significantly with age.(2)The game mode has significant effect on prosocial behavior, and prosocial behavior is significantly increased in the cooperative game mode compared with the competitive game mode. (3) In both game modes, helping, comforting and sharing are independent of each other, from high to low frequency is helping,sharing and comforting. (4) There is interaction between game mode and prosocial behavior mode, and the influence of game mode on comforting and sharing is significant except of helping; under two game mode, helping, comforting and sharing are significantly related to each other.In the second study, basing on Study One,the Denham (1986) paradigm of emotional understanding ability was adapted. Emotional situation recognition, emotional understanding based on desire and emotional understanding based on belief were used to measure preschool children's emotional understanding ability and then explored the influence of understanding emotional ability on prosocial behavior of preschool children.The results showed that: (1) There are significant differences in emotional situational recognition (happiness, sadness, fear, and anger); emotional understanding based on belief develops later than desire-based emotional understanding.(2) The influence of game mode on emotional comprehension is not significant, and emotional understanding ability is relatively stable. (3) There is no significant correlation between the ability of emotional understanding and prosocial behavior,but there is a significant positive correlation between emotional understanding ability and sharing. Conclusion of combing with Study One and Study Two is as follows: (1)Game mode and age have significant influence on prosocial behavior of preschool children, and game mode has significant effects on comforting and sharing. (2)Emotional understanding ability and game mode both effect preschool children's sharing behavior.To sum up, this study explored the prosocial behavior of children aged 4-5 from the perspective of external factors (Game mode) and internal factors (Emotional comprehension ability).On the one hand, it enriches the theoretical research on the influencing factors of prosocial behavior of preschool children. On the other hand, in practice, we provide a strong theoretical reference for children's prosocial behavior, so as to guide children's prosocial behavior more scientifically and promote personality development and social harmonious development.