On The "Zhuo" In Fu Shan's Book Of Thought

Fu Shan is a famous thinker,writer,medical scientist and artist in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.With his study covering multiple fields,including the classics,the history,the philosophers,the Taoism,the Buddha,the phonology,the exegesis,the stone,the research,the poetry,the calligraphy,the painting,the medicine and other scientific works,he indeed obtained significant achievements.Especially in the calligraphy field,he was well-known as a talented,far-sighted and representative figure in the group of adherents of Ming dynasty calligraphers for his antique and peculiar,honest and sincere calligraphy style.In addition,his noble character and tough national integrity even contributed his calligraphy to be more respected,and cited it as a fine model.Fu Shan's core thought of calligraphy was gradually formed by his positive theoretical exploration,and then perfected by the solid summary from daily practice.Moreover,the theory of ‘Si Ning Si Wu' was becoming a breaking-new theory,leading greatly influence on the calligraphy aesthetics and calligraphy practice later.And it became even more popular than before after the inheritance of history.Fu Shan's thought involves many aspects including calligraphy ontology,creative aesthetic,figure comments etc.And the aesthetic characteristics of ‘Zhuo' have always been in it.The theories of calligraphy such as ‘Ning Zhou Wu Qiao',‘Chou Yu Zhi Li',‘Zheng Ji Qi Sheng',‘Shu Ru Qi Ren',‘Tian Ni Zi Ran' and other calligraphy theories were the additional extension of ‘Zhuo'.All of these resulted in Fu Shan's aesthetic pursuit of ‘Zhuo'.This article starts with the meaning of ‘Zhuo' in the traditional aesthetics of China and its change of aesthetic connotation,which explores on the study of ‘Zhuo' based on Fu Shan's calligraphy thought,focusing on the peculiarity of ‘Zhuo' in his theory of calligraphy and calligraphy practice.And then a summary is conducted according to the historical evaluation and impact of ‘Zhuo' in his calligraphy thought.In the end,it turns to explore the inspiration and role of ‘Zhuo' to the contemporary calligraphy practice.The article has three parts of discussion: the first part summarizes the typical interpretation of ‘Zhuo' in ancient Chinese literary theory,analyzes the aesthetic connotation of ‘Zhuo' in the field of literature and art,and lists the aesthetic changing process of ‘Zhuo' in different historical periods,which would deepen the understanding and realization of ‘Zhuo'.Also,it would help deepen and diversified the understanding of the connotation of ‘Zhuo' by exploring the aesthetics of origin of ‘Zhuo' from Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism thought.In The second part,which is also the core part of this article,chooses the representative theory of calligraphy from Fu Shan's calligraphy thought to discuss the connotation of ‘zhuo' in Fu Shan's calligraphy thought and calligraphy practice.Under the guidance of the calligraphy thought of ‘Zhuo',Fu Shan calligraphy practice has more specific,detailed performance and interpretation of ‘Zhuo',which can make people feel and understand thought of ‘Zhuo' more intuitively.The third part summarizes the inspiration of ‘Zhuo' of Fu Shan calligraphy thought to the contemporary calligraphy practice by arranging the historical evaluation of the calligraphy thought of ‘Zhuo',and then discusses the far-reaching impacts of ‘Zhuo' to the later calligraphers.