A Historical Investigation Of The Formation And Evolution Of The Theory Of "Heart Of The Gods" From The Perspective Of "the Pre-Qin To The Jin And Tang Dynasties"

OBJECTIVETaking "Qi Theory" as an entry point,explain the way of "Qi Theory" entering the medical field from the philosophical field and its ideological background,and change with the change of thinking,then influence on TCM theory;Focusing on "Heart of Shen",explain the model of medical theory based on "Qi Theory" for medical scientists.In the end,the concept of the development of the concept of "Heart of Shen" under the "Qi Theory" is displayed.It also provides new perspectives and methods for the study of Traditional Chinese Medicine academic and concept history.METHOD The article uses analytical method of discursive formation in Archaeology of Knowledge,to study of the formation,presentation methods,concept diffusion,subject subordination and other aspects of Qi,heart,and the objects of Shen in philosophy and medical writings from different periods(from the Qin Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty)were conducted.1.Examining the formation of "Qi Theory" objects in philosophy and medical literature at different stages,which is the theoretical connotation of "Qi Theory";To examine the statement of”Qi Theory" in the philosophy and medical literature of different historical periods,ie,what method,what concept,and what relationship did "Qi Theory" appear in the philosophy and medical system at that time;To investigate the concept diffusion of "Qi Theory"in medical literature at different periods,that is,how medical scientists built their own medical theory based on "Qi Theory".2.Examining the formation of conceptual Objects of "Heart" in philosophy and medical literature at different stages,which is what the "Heart" mean.3.Examining the Formation of the Conceptual Object of "Shen" in philosophy and medical literature at different stages,which is what the "Shen" mean;Examining the presentation of the concept of "Shen" in philosophy and medical literature in different historical periods,that is the concept,the concept,and the relationship between the concept and the "Shen" appear.4.Examining the subject matter of the concept of "Heart of Shen" in philosophy and medical literature in different periods,that is what the "Heart of Shen" appears when discussing the issue.RESULTSThere have been many expositions about Qi,Heart,and Shen in the confucian works of the pre-Qin period.To the "Qi Theory",it is getting better and better from Lun Yu to Yi Zhuan,More and more tends to argue from the perspective of "harmony between man and nature",providing ideological resources for the Confucian classics;Confucianism attaches great importance to the heart,heart is the master of body and spirit in the body,further expansion is equivalent to the status of Jun and Heaven;For Shen,Confucians take a cautious attitude,from Early Avoidance to Talking about Rational View in Yi Zhuan,combining yin and yang to understand the changes of heaven and earth,focus on the unpredictable properties of things and their ability to grasp changes.In the Confucian writings of the time,there was no concept of "Heart of Shen".Because of the supremacy of heart,equivalent to the status of Jun and Heaven,even in the heart and mind or Shen's occasion is still dominant,so the heart does not hide Shen and does not need to hide Shen and be the Lord of Shen.There are also many interpretations of Qi,Heart,and Shen in Taoist writings.Taoism attaches great importance to Qi,Although its status is under the Dao,But use more Qi instead of Dao,Qi theory is a concrete manifestation of Taoism;Taoism also pays attention to the heart,so the heart is in the Yin,but the status of the heart is lower than the Qi,because Qi is empty,cnsistent with the core ideas of Taoist "re-imagining" and "re-doing";Taoism attaches great importance to Shen,but do not attach importance to the personification of ghosts and Shens,so Shen became the essence between Heaven and Earth in Guan Zi.There has been a concept of the mind of Tibetan Shens in Taoist writings,the mind of "Heart of Shen" is clearly proposed by the Guan Zi,the hidden of Shen is essence.In the book Guan Zi,heart is in the Yin position,inconsistent with the Yellow Emperor's internal ideas.The Yuan Qi Theory was formed during the Qin and Han dynasties.The basic content of the Yuan Qi Theory of vitality is that the Qi constitutes the origin of all things in the world,and gasification produces everything.Qi is the basis and intermediary for the mutual induction of all things in the world.The strength of Qi Theory also allowed the existing Yin and Yang and Five Elements Theory to be incorporated into its ideology,the Yin and Yang,and the Five Elements became the Qi that operated between heaven and earth,a world schema constructed by Qi,Yin Yang and Five Elements was formed,and as the knowledge and thought background of each discipline.The medical scientists at this time built the theoretical system of Chinese medicine on the basis of Yuan Qi Theory,forming a distinctive human outlook,disease outlook and treatment concept,analysing the physiological and pathological functions of the human body from the perspective of vaporization,relating to and interacting with all things in the world through the principle of induction,forming the overall concept of Chinese medicine.Heart is the heart of anatomy,its main function is to hide the sun and fire of heaven and earth,the heart is integrated into the Yin and Yang and Five Elements of the world in this way,and it has many attachments.Because of the special nature of the heart,its status is dual in Huang Di Nei Jing,the essence is the coordination and integration of Confucianism and Taoism.There are three main concepts of Shen in the Qin and Han medical works:The first refers to the righteousness in the human body,it is the best Qi,the specific performance of blood Qi and water valley Qi,can dominate human life activities.Shen hides in my heart,the signs that appear outside are spirit,consciousness,thinking,emotion,etc;The second refers to the unpredictable nature of things,it was mainly manifested as the change of heaven and earth at that time.On this basis,it can be extended to grasp the ability to change things;The third refers to the personification of ghosts,Shens or Shens.Shen is the most precious item,Heart is the official of the monarch,from the heart of the attachment,it belongs to the heart,but this is not specific and perfect.And from the perspective of five internal organs,Shen is the best Qi should be hidden in the heart.The concept of the Tibetan concept of the mind was officially formed,the role of the mind,consciousness,thinking,and emotions that the Confucians had said before was replaced by Shen.The position of the Heart is dissolved in the occasion of Shen and Qi.The heart cannot dominate the Shen,inconsistent with the current prevailing theories.The introduction and growing of Buddhism,bring a great impact on the Chinese ideological world.Because of its concept of life and death and karma,it is totally different from the Chinese traditional concept,leading to the controversy between local Chinese scholars and Buddhist believers and advocates,this is also the history of "the Six-Diamond War".The focus of the debate is whether or not Shen is Qi,its purpose is to demonstrate that Shen is exterminated or that Shen is not extinguished.In general,both sides of the argument will change each other,the people who hold the disillusionment have gradually evolved from the belief that Shen is the spirit to the spirit of Shen;People who do not extinguish Shen are from the belief that Shen is not a gas and they do not need to use gas as a material basis.In this context,The core of the Tai Su concept of tibetan elephants was changed from the internal organs of the Nei Jing period to the Five Shens theory.The purpose of the five internal organs is to store five Shens,Five Spirits became the material basis of the Five Shens.Specific to"Heart of Shen",the biggest change is the relationship between Shen pulse.Pulse is the material basis of Shen,the purpose of the mind is to cherish Shen.Althouh there are many examples of Shen and Qi in Tai Su,but here Shen is not Qi,it can be seen that the evolution of the concept of Shen began with the Heart.Tai Su is an inheritance of the Nei Jing on the one hand,the other is the transformation.In addition,the evolution trend of medical thought and philosophical thought in this period is the same,they were all done under the impact of Buddhism,which came from exotic thoughts.CONCLUSION1.The concept of "Heart of Shen" is changed with the change of "Qi Theory",The "Qi Theory" of different periods reflects different world views,specific to the human cognitive model and "Heart of Shen" will be different.2.There was inconsistency between Confucianism and Taoism in the pre-Qin period,preliminary integration with the human body,having the concept of "Heart of Shen",but the relationship between mind and spirit is not closely related to "Qi Theory",And it is inconsistent with the theoretical connotation of the "Huangdi Neijing" mind.3.The Formation of Yuan Qi Theory in the Qin and Han Dynasties,and acted as the basis for the theoretical system of Chinese medicine,the concept of "Heart of Shen" is also constructed under the Yuan Qi Theory.4.Buddhism gradually flourished in the Jin and Tang dynasties,the Change of Form-Shen Relationship in China's Native Thoughts after the "Dispute of the Shape of Shen",no longer emphasize that Shen is Qi.Medical thought also changes with it,Tai S Five Shens Dirty Theory Formated,the concept of "Heart of Shen" has evolved.