Study On Preparation Technology Of Pulmonary Sputum Granules And Discussion On Clinical Pharmacy Service Mode Of Hospital Chinese Medicine

As an important way to cultivate specialized talents with high-level innovation and application capability,professional degree has become an crucial form of graduate education in China in recent years.Traditional Chinese medicine,which is an unique medicine system in China and an extension of Chinese ancient civilization,is highly valued by the whole nation,and accordingly the nation’s need of application-oriented talents majoring in traditional Chinese medicine keeps rising.Therefore,the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council decided to set up a master’s degree in Chinese medicine and graduate students majoring in it were recruited for the first time in 2011.The purpose of all these is to cultivate high-level comprehensive talents equipped with the ability of practice,innovation and application in order to adapt to the modernized and diversified development model in traditional Chinese medicine industry.Compared with academic master’s degree,the professional master’s degree in traditional Chinese medicine is a different high-level talents training mode.Because the training model of professional degree is based on "school-enterprise cooperation" and "dual-mentor system",characterized by "government,school,industry,enterprise" cooperation,school-based theoretical learning and enterprise-based practice.Combined with the requirements of graduate students training in professional degree of clinical Chinese pharmacy,this paper is divided into two parts:experimental research and pharmacy practice.The first part is experimental research.Literature review expounds the etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis as well as the current state and existing problems of its treatment,and accordingly presents some reasonable advice.In addition,it states current state and problems of the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine compound preparation and points out the potential in the development of finger-print.The research progress in the chemical constituent and pharmacologic actions of traditional Chinese medicines existing in the prescription of the granule for atrophic lung disease is also showed in literature review.Combined with technological line,the research on the extraction and preparation technology builds the finger-print of traditional Chinese medicines existing in the prescription of the granule for atrophic lung disease and the finger-print of aqueous and alcohol extraction of this granule.Through analytic contrast with traditional process optimization which takes single index component as indicator,the application of the finger-print to process optimization screens the best extraction process and mature preparation technology with the help of orthogonal design.The contents and results of the experimental research are as follows:Objective and significanceCharacterized by diffuse alveolitis and alveolar structure disorder,idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic fibrotic interstitial lung disease with unknown cause,unclear pathogenesis and lack of treatment.The average survival time is only 2 years and 5-year survival rate is less than 50%.For lack of specific treatment in Western medicine at present,it is practically significant to find new,safer and effective medicine.In order to make medicine more readily accessible to patients,it is made into granules.The prescription of the granule consists of such traditional Chinese medicine as ginseng,sanchi,aster,schisandra chinensis and macrocarpium fruit with the effects of tonifying lung and kidney,reinforcing Qi and activating blood.Under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine and combined with the analysis of physico-chemical property and pharmacological activity,this thesis is intended to carry out a systematic research on the finger-print,extraction technique and modeling technique of prescription adecoction pieces to provide clinical treatment of atrophic lung disease with safe,effective and easy-to-take granule.Method1 Build the finger-print of traditional Chinese medicines existing in the prescription of the granule for atrophic lung disease:Based on physico-chemical property and pharmacological activity of medicines in prescription,the technological line is set to build the finger-print of adecoction pieces and the finger-print of aqueous and alcohol extraction of this granule and point out exclusive peak and common peak of those medicines through contrast between two finger-prints.2 Research on extraction technology:Taking peak area,index component and draft ratio as indicators,orthogonal experiment is designed to screen the best extraction technique through multi-index comprehensive assessment.And by comparison with the best technique screened by traditional single-index quantitative method,the best alcohol extraction and water extraction and alcohol precipitation technology and drying process are screened out and withstand tests.3 Research on preparation technology:Taking particle forming rate,moisture absorption rate and dissolubility as indicators of comprehensive assessment,orthogonal experiment is desicgned to screen out the best preparation technology.Extrusion method is carried out in granulation.Besides,the granule’s moisture,particle size,hygroscopicity and liquidity should withstand tests.Results1 Ginseng and sanchi are used in alcohol extraction while schisandra chinensis,macrocarpium fruit,aster,ophiopogon japonicus and ginkgo seed are used in water extraction.24 peaks can be identified in the finger-print of alcohol extract and 13 peaks in water extract.2 The best technological condition of alcohol extraction:10-fold 60%alcohol extracts three times with 1 hour each time;The best technological condition of water extraction and alcohol precipitation:8-fold water extracts twice with 2 hours once;When the density of water extract concentrates to 1.11～1.15(room temperature measurement),add 95%alcohol to make alcohol content 60%and place it for18 hours.The alcohol extract and the aqueous extract were combined and concentrated to a thick paste and dried under reduced pressure at 80 0 C until the dry extract.Multi-index component quantitative method proves to be more accurate and more comprehensive than single-index quantitative method.3 The best preparation technology:Crush dry extract and add adjuvant material at the ratio of 1 to 0.5.After mixing them thoroughly,add 90%alcohol with stirring(in spray method)and the amount of alcohol takes up 8%of dry extract.Make softwood and use it to sieve particles.Dry these particles at 80 degrees Celsius for 3 hours.Moisture,particle size and liquidity meet the requirements of Pharmacopoeia.ConclusionIn this research,the extraction technology and preparation technology of the granule for atrophic lung disease is reasonable,steady and simple.The contents and results of the study are as follows:The pharmacy practice in this thesis presents the research on status quo of clinical Chinese medicine service in Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital in order to perfect clinical Chinese medicine service model,improve quality of service and ensure patients’reasonable use of medicine.During two-year practice in Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital,I conduct a research on the development of clinical Chinese medicine service in this hospital.In the research,I conduct a comprehensive summary and analysis of related information about the content,method and quality of clinical Chinese medicine service carried out by the hospital.Through analytic contrast between clinical medicine service mode and clinical traditional Chinese medicine service mode,I want to put forward the following proposals for clinical traditional Chinese medicine service:1 Improve the relevant laws and regulations and industry norm system;2 Strengthen policy support for medicine services;3 Change pharmacy dispensing model and give a foll play to the professional role of pharmacists;4 Strengthen the training of pharmacists;5 Improve pharmacy research level.