The Composition Of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits In Wheat Varieties (lines) Of Yili River Valley And Their Effects On Quality

Wheat is an important food crop which widely distributes all over the world,its cultivation area is the largest,which has a high nutritional value and be capable of processing into various types of food.More attention should be paid to its high quality while high yield of wheat production achieves,so wheat should be planted for special purposes according to demand of different regional life.By measuring the HMW-GS composition and main quality traits of wheat from Yili valley,We can obtain its main quality information,especially for knowing the main quality information and carring on the effect analysis.This will provide some references for the quality improvement and breeding work of wheat varieties of Yili valley and even Xinjiang,and is of great significance especially for the use of high-quality parental resources and making the breeding strategy.Detailed process include using SDS-PAGE technology to measure HMW-GS composition of 57 wheat varieties(or lines),and using the relevant special quality testing instrument to measure the main quality traits,protein content,grain hardness,wet gluten content,sedimentation value,viscosity and other quality index determination,finally using SPSS statistical software for data analysis between HMW-GS and quality traits.(1)The amount respectively are 3?7?5,which locus in allelic variation of Glu-A1,Glu-B1,Glu-D1 within mainly cultivated wheat varieties(or lines)of different historical period over 50 years in Yili valley.Null,7+8,2+12 are the advantage of subunits at respective locus,their frequency are 49.12%,42.11% and 68.42% respectively.In addition,new subunit 1* is detected,subunit 7? subunits 12 are detected.Its frequency is 50.88% that high quality subunits(1?2*)in Glu-A1 locus of wheat varieties(or lines)from Ili valley and the introduction,and is far higher than the frequency of domestic wheat varieties bred(30.6%~42.6%)and wheat varieties(30.7%)in Xinjiang.At Glu-B1 locus high quality subunits(7+8 and 17+18,13+16,14+15)frequency is 54.38%,which is far higher than the frequency of domestic varieties bred(42%~56.36%)and wheat varieties(39.77%)in Xinjiang.High quality subunits frequency is higher at Glu-D1 locus,frequencies of 5+10 and 5+12 are 22.81%,they are higher than the domestic varieties bred(15.7%~18.6%),lower than the frequency(36.36%)of wheat varieties in Xinjiang.A total of 26 sorts of subunits are detected at locus Glu-1,the highest frequency subunits combination is(Null/7+8/2+12),the frequency is 17.54%,secondly the combination is(1/7+8/2+12)?(Null/7+9/2+12)and(1?7+9?2+12),their frequency respectively are 14.04%?12.28%?12.28%,other combination frequency are less than 10%.The highest quality subunits at their locus effect value of wheat varieties are respectively 1?7+8 and 5+10 in Ili valley,the highest quality score is 11 points,an average of score is 7.3 points.23 sorts of wheat varieties which obtain over 8 points are screened out from the germplasm resources,they are available for high-quality wheat breeding.(2)All 57 wheat varieties include 29 varieties of winter wheat varieties and 28 spring wheat varieties.Through relevant instrument testing,the average of winter wheat protein content?wet gluten contentand sedimentation value are 13.66%?29.6% and 25.03 ml respectively,the average spring wheat protein content?wet gluten content and sedimentation value are 12.78%?26.46% and 24.60 ml respectively.The average of winter wheat and spring wheat quality indexes such as protein content and wet gluten content are higher than most in Xinjiang,but sedimentation value are lower than most in Xinjiang.On the basis of our country of the present situation of wheat quality evaluation standard for quality,winter wheat is mid-gluten wheat and spring wheat is weak gluten wheat in Yili valley.(3)This study is in line with the previous conclusion,it infer that 1?2 *?7+8 and 17+18?13+16? 14+15?5+10?5 + 12 are superior quality subunits and high quality effect,Null?7+9?2+12 are inferior subunits and low quality effect.But 7+9 subunits in spring wheat quality effect is higher than 7+8 subunits among wheat HMW-GS in Yili valley.(4)Wheat varieties of Yili valley have rich subunits and their high quality subunit combination types are abundant,so they will are important genetic resources for wheat variety breeding and improvement of wheat quality traits.