Research On Several Technical Issues In The Measurement Of Small Space Projects In Old Urban Areas

This article mainly studies and analyzes a host of technical problems encountered in the measurement of small space projects in old urban areas.Beijing,the capital of China,has a history of over 3,000 years and is developing in leaps and bounds with each passing day.As the real estate industry develops rapidly,high-rise buildings are going up apace.Nowadays,as space available for construction becomes scarcer,the problems encountered in surveying and mapping of the project construction will mount.Therefore,this article will study and analyze the small space projects in old urban areas from topographical survey,foundation pit monitoring,planning and measurement and so on.In order to study the technical problems encountered,the author has done the following work:1.In terms of terrain measurement in small space projects in old urban areas,the 3D laser scanning technology is applied to the areas for measurement and compared with the traditional digital mapping method.Based on the traditional digital mapping method,a new observation method – total station sketch-free surveying method is used to adapt to small space projects in old urban areas.Through code preparation,this method expresses some major features and terrain in figures,and then enters all codes into the total station.Only two persons are required to complete the mapping work,with one person making observation and record and another holding the reflector.For the internal processing of data,the author completed the production of DTM model using AutoCAD Civil 3D software,and produced the final terrain and topographic map in English.2.For foundation pit monitoring in small space projects in old urban areas,the free station setting is used to monitor the displacement change of the monitoring points according to the environmental characteristics of the site and the integrated internal and external operation is proposed for the first time.The data collected through field data acquisition is processed by the monitoring software and analyzed through the curve table.the article briefly introduces how to lay out the reference points and working points in small space projects in old urban areas,how to lay out the monitoring points and how to protect reference points and monitoring points in small space,as well as accuracy requirements in vertical displacement monitoring,horizontal displacement monitoring,and internal force of bolt monitoring.3.For planning and measurement of small space projects in old urban areas,the planning occupies a leading position at each level,in that urban planning plays an important role in the development and construction of cities.There are many roads allocated or planned previously in old urban areas.Through many years of work,the difficulties in alignment survey in the office and field work are summarized.In the completion measurement,the paper introduces how to control the plane position and height of main buildings in narrow space projects in old urban areas,and how to solve the various problems encountered in the completion measurement.