Shenzhen Over-commuting Research Based On Subway Card Data And Questionnaire Data

With the rapid development of urbanization in China,construction area in most cities has been expanding.Jobs-housing spatial relations of urban residents have changed significantly.The issues caused by commuting(such as long distance commuting,traffic congestion and air pollution),have also been increasingly deterioration.Therefore,it is helpful to study the differences and relationships between the job-housing spatial structure and the residents' choice of the employment and residential sites,which is also benefit to us to understand the degree of spatial mismatch and the influencing factors of urban occupations,to provide advices for urban planning about promoting more reasonable job-housing relationship.Learning from the excess commuting theory and cases abroad,using the SCD(smart card data)of metro in Shenzhen,this paper is about to research the basic spatial characteristics and excess commuting in Shenzhen.This paper will select the representative employment center--Shenzhen as a case,through the questionnaire survey to figure out the impact factors of Hi-tech Park staff employment and residential sites selection.This paper uses SCD of metro to describe and analysis the basic commute space structure covered by Shenzhen metro network,then uses White's linear programming method to calculate the excess commuting rate based on metro SCD in Shenzhen.Based on the analysis of metro SCD,this paper uses questionnaire survey of Hi-tech Park workers to research the job—housing relationship the impact factors.The analysis shows that the socioeconomic factors will greatly affect their selection of employment and residential sites in a complex and diverse city.Therefore,when policy makers consider about how to improve the commute efficiency,the urban spatial structure of land-use balance is not the only point,but the deep reasons of job-housing spatial mismatch should be seriously consider about.This paper is about to analysis excess commuting and influencing factors of Shenzhen City by using metro SCD and questionnaire,and tries to make use of the advantages of "big data" and "small data" and combine them together,which has certain theoretical significance in the application of data using,is a useful extension of the excess commuting theory.In addition,this paper applies the excess commuting theory to the empirical research,analyzes the status quo of excess commuting in Shenzhen and its influencing factors,and puts forward the corresponding suggestions to promote the more reasonable job-housing relationship and promote the sustainable development of the city in urban planning,has important practical significance.