A Comparative Study On The Performance Of Three Kinds Of Listed Banks

Commercial bank plays a vital role on the development of national economy. In recent years, with foreign banks entering the domestic market, the competition in the domestic banking sector has been aggravated. Domestic commercial banks need to improve performance to raise their competitive power. This paper evaluates the performance of listed commercial banks in China, reflects the differences in performance between banks, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the development of commercial banks.In the development of modern economy, commercial banks are the most important part of the financial sector and play a central role to economic development. In recent years, along with the Internet financial becomes popular, the performance of commercial banks is not what it used to be. And due to the expansion of foreign banks has basically not subject to regional restrictions, foreign banks can fully compete with domestic commercial banks with customer resources and the financial markets. Facing the unprecedented strong competition pressure from foreign banks, China's commercial banks suffered huge challenges and tests. To make our country's commercial banks and financial markets have excellent performance and development, we must seek to change. China's large state-owned commercial banks completed shareholding reform in order to raise their competitive power. After completion of shareholding system reform, another deeper problems plagued the country's state-owned banks and joint-stock banks, that is how to deepen the reform, how to make banks more efficient, how to innovate, and eventually to improve the performance of commercial banks.The paper divides 16 existing listed commercial banks into three categories: large state-owned commercial banks, city commercial banks and the other joint-stock banks. By subdivision of commercial banks, this paper reflects the performance differences between the different commercial banks. This paper also selects the five years of financial data in 2010-2014 to analyze the annual trend of commercial banks operating performance. So, this paper enriches the classification of commercial banks. This article takes the factor analysis method to analyze the operating performance of 16 listed banks. By building the analysis model on the basis of the factor analysis method, this paper enriches the research and analysis of performance evaluation and empirical model.Practical significance of this paper includes two aspects:on the one hand is to design a more comprehensive, rational, objective and effective performance evaluation system to improve the management level of Chinese commercial banks; On the other hand, through the study of commercial banks business performance, we can know the advantages and disadvantages of commercial banks. Commercial banks need to improve their own defects, and strive to improve their business performance to guarantee the benign development of the bank and reduce the gap between outstanding banks.This paper adopts three methods:theory analysis method, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis and contrast analysis method.The research framework of this paper is:firstly, introduces the research background, purpose, meaning and the related literature at home and abroad. And then, introduces the theory of performance evaluation, points out the importance of performance evaluation to the development of commercial banks. Secondly, points out the factors affecting the operating performance and briefly introduces the development of commercial banks as well as insufficient and challenges; Next, describes the selection of indicators, and explains the factor analysis method, summarizes the factor analysis of the specific steps and mathematical model, and the possible problems in the process of factor analysis. Moreover, uses the factor analysis method to evaluate the operating performance of listed commercial banks. And according to the empirical results, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the development of commercial banks are given.As to the empirical analysis aspect, this paper uses the factor analysis method. The whole analysis process is done by using SPSS software to ensure the results of the empirical analysis objective accuracy. This paper selects 11 financial indicators to build the analysis model.When making specific factor analysis, this paper chooses 2014 data as an example. In the appendix to this article, the specific factors of 2010-2013 annual data analysis process are listed in order to avoid repetition.Empirical analysis results show that the performance of large state-owned commercial banks is much less than the city commercial banks and other joint-stock banks. However, the performance ranking fluctuation between annual of the city commercial banks and joint-stock commercial banks is bigger. According to the empirical results, the countermeasures and suggestions are given at last. Due to the nature of bank performance is different, their existing problems in the management process are also different.Innovations of this paper are:first, the same kind of study selects one year data, so can't overcome the negative influence of accidental changes, therefore, this article selects 2010—2014 five years data; Second, compared with the previous papers putting forward countermeasures and suggestions for the overall banking industry, this paper provides different suggestions to the different nature banks.The shortcomings of this paper are:first, the agricultural bank of China just listed in 2010, so the data is not sufficient. This article only chooses 2010-2014 five years data, so can't reflect the problems comprehensively. We can not use trend analysis too; Second, because of the annual financial statements of commercial banks are not unified, and there is also the adjustment of the index data of previous years, some of the financial indicators data collection is difficult, so this article only chooses 11 indicators to determine the correct, maybe some important indicators are missing.