Research On Tourism Stakeholders Based On System Theory

In the global scope under the background of rapid economic development, tourism as a cultural level of demand increasingly attract people to participate. The process of the tourism industry from rise to prosperous, the huge economic benefit and for the development of the region brought about by the contribution is obvious to all. However, this development brought interests, at the same time, the tourist destination of public resources, culture and ecological environment would be caused impact,and bring about a series of contradictions between tourism, culture and ecology, regional sustainable development is threatened. Therefore, it is of great significance to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of tourism in the area of tourism. Tourism is a complex system involving many parties, each participant has its own interests and aspirations, representing a tourism stakeholder. At the same time, between them still exist inextricably linked, this link may be mutual aid, cooperation and win-win; may also be competition, conflict and contradiction. From the overall and long-term point of view, tourism stakeholders in the tourism activities share weal or woe. Therefore, grasp of the tourism stakeholders’ interests and understand each other between the conflict of interest between tourism stakeholders, coordination of tourism stakeholders, to solve the tourist destination, the contradiction between ecological culture, and promote tourism health and sustainable development is very important.Turpan Grape Valley Scenic Spot is located in arid area which the environment is extremely fragile, in arid regions to carry out tourism are more likely to increase pressure on the local ecological, bring negative effect to local environment; at the same time, it also possesses the characteristics of ethnic areas, rural communities, in the types of Tourism belongs not only to national tourism, cultural tourism, and tourism environment. Therefore, Turpan Grape Valley Scenic Spot has its own unique enable local tourism stakeholders with more complexity and the typical nature, great research value.In this study, under the guidance of the system theory, stakeholder theory, social ecological system theory, through literature analysis, survey method, Kriging method, combined with the actual situation in the study area, the tourism stakeholders of Grape Valley Scenic Spot were defined; on the basis of field investigation, through paired samples T test, depth interviews, analysis of the conflicts between the interests and conflict of all stakeholders; through the method of system dynamics, constructs the Grape Valley Scenic tourism stakeholders TSESs; finally, according to the actual situation of Grape Valley Scenic Spot, respectively put forward control strategy of Grape Valley Scenic Spot tourism stakeholder social ecological system. In summary, the main conclusions of this study are the following five points:1. The Grape Valley Scenic Area is a special area, both the characteristics of ethnic areas, rural communities, by reference to previous scholars for general scenic, rural communities, ethnic minority areas tourism stakeholder definition, combined with Turpan Grape Valley Scenic Spot is located in the arid area of Xinjiang, ecological environment is fragile and unique properties, this study will be Grape Valley Scenic spot tourism stakeholders is defined as: local government, tourism enterprises, local residents and tourists, the ecological environment.2. In tourism enterprises, 90% of the employees for non Grape Valley local people, local residents have little chance to participate in the management of tourism enterprises; in Grape Valley, more than 71% of local residents are farmers, Grape Valley is still a traditional agricultural area. The education level of the local residents in the space divided is uniform, and the overall is low; local residents of the home income in tourism and participation enthusiasm showed correlation distribution in space, the residents close to attractions and scenic entrance has stronger environment changes of acceptance. More female tourists than men come to Grape Valley, the tourists are mainly young and middle-aged, Grape Valley to knowledge type tourists has a stronger appeal, Xinjiang and eastern regions are the main source for Grape Valley, the main purpose for tourists to Grape Valley is leisure/holiday/relax, experience ethnic minority culture and tourism, per capita consumption showing a large range.3. The local government interests in order to social benefits, environmental benefits, cultural benefits, economic benefits; the interests of tourism enterprises in order for enterprises to obtain long-term growth, corporate social responsibility, direct economic benefits; the interests of local residents in order to economic interests, environmental interests, cultural interests, political interests; the interests of tourists in order to the intrinsic quality of the scenic spots, tour environment, service quality, tourist commodity.4. Government and residents aremainly embodied in the conflict between the interests of the gate, employment, greening, education and management; conflict of interests within the local residents mainly on business opportunities and competition in the Grape Valley Tourism development process; conflict of interest between the government and the enterprises are mainly embodied in the imperfect government policy, unreasonable interests distribution, corporate social responsibility is not strong; the conflict of interests between local residents and tourists mainly reflected the security risks in the arrival of tourists to the local ecological environment destruction, the resulting and some tourists personal inappropriate behavior etc.5. All stakeholders, respectively, can be regarded as a subsystem by specific indicators of “motorcycle system” realizing the external connection between each subsystem, so as to form the complete Grape Valley Scenic spot interest related social ecological system model, the mutual influence between the internal model and interrelated.