The Research Of Obstacles To The Development Of Chinese Family Farms And Perfection Strategies

With the constant progress of the industrialization and urbanization in China, plenty of rural labor migrates into the cities and towns and the non-agricultural industries and the rural area involves in the state of hollowing and aging. It poses a huge threat to the food security of China and the problem like who will do farm work becomes increasingly prominent. In view of this, the Report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes that we should foster new types of agricultural business entities, develop large-scale agricultural operations in diverse forms and establish a new type of system for intensive agricultural operations that are specialized, well-organized and commercialized. No.1 Policy Document issued by the CPC Central Committee in 2013 put forward that since the agricultural production and management organization innovation is the key to boosting modern agriculture construction, we should give support to the new types of agricultural business entities including professional households, family farm, and farmer cooperative and leading enterprises, which is the first time the family farm is placed on the agenda. As the important part of new types of agricultural business entities, the family farm plays an important role in promoting the development of modern agriculture in China. It is of great significance for developing modern agriculture, improving the overall agricultural productivity and ensuring the national food security and the effective supply of key agricultural products.This thesis takes the family farm of China as the research object, firstly introducing the definition of family farm and on this basis analyzing the reasons for its existence from the dispute between Lenin and Chayanov. Secondly, it reviews the evolution of Chinese household production and management system, finds that it evolves from the smallholder into collective smallholder and finally back to the smallholder and further explores the necessity of developing family farm in China, expounding that it conforms to the theory of productive forces and the demand of the duality of agricultural production and it is the only road to modern agriculture, the impetus of urbanization development and the demand of agricultural sustainable development. Thirdly, it probes into current situation and problems of the family farm development. Apart from introducing the general situation of family farm, it also summarizes several available typical family farm development modes in China, such as the modes of Songjiang, Ningbo, Langxi, Wuhan and Yanbian and analyzes such seven kinds of problems as nonstandard land transfer, imperfect agricultural infrastructure, low education status of peasants, low income of peasants, weak awareness of agro-ecological environmental protection, suffering from the difficulty of peasant financing and lacking effective fund support and unsound service system of agricultural production.Meanwhile, this thesis employs the method of horizontal comparison to study the family farm management of advanced countries with high degree of modernization, mainly America which has a vast territory with a sparse population and Japan which has a large population with relatively arable land. The author holds that the family farm development of America is characterized by the coexistence of specialization and diversification production, obvious trend of by-business of the farm, sufficient subsidy from the government and preferable benefits of family farm; while Japan develops the family farm just relying on the support from peasant association and the efficient utilization of lands.Finally, the lessons learned at home and abroad the development of family farms,proposing appropriate policies and recommendations for the future development of our family farms. These policy recommendations have, insisted the household contract responsibility system, various forms of business entities to proceed with the development of agriculture; Speeding up rural land ownership, regulate the land transfer system; Strengthen agricultural infrastructure construction, providing the protection for agricultural development; Strengthen rural talent team building; improve agricultural management level to encourage farmers and industry in order to improve farmers' income; Strengthen agricultural ecological protection, sustainable development of agriculture; Deepening rural financial reform, provide financial support for the development of agricultural business entities; Improve the agricultural production system, promote agricultural integration process.