Ecological Agriculture Development Models And Countermeasures Strategies In Yongsheng County Jinsha River Midstream Dry And Hot Valley(DHV)

The agricultural pattern of our country is undergoing a transformation period.It's worth to study and discuss that how to develop the agriculture production,because the agricultural infrastructure,natural resources,ecological environment and manpower resource are in great differences in different regions.Carrying out the research of eco-agriculture in hot-dry valley region in middle and lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River will promote the economic development of Chinese eco-agriculture,and it will help the food supply in west of Yunnan Province and protect the ecological environment in middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.How to develop the eco-agriculture in hot-dry valley region of the Jinshajiang River is the foundation of the economic development in southwest of China,social stability and enhancing the comprehensive competitive power of China,moreover it's the guarantee for national independence and people's health.It's especially important to Yunnan,a large province in west of China where the overall economy is backward and the foundation of agriculture is weak.This article is based on theories about eco-agriculture,including the basic principles of eco-agriculture development and the research about development patterns of eco-agriculture. Meanwhile,this article is refer to the western theories about ecosystem to analyze the principle and bases about eco-agriculture development in hot-dry valley region in middle and lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River. In the part of international experience,this article introduces the status of agriculture development in Europe and America,Philippines and Israel. It also states the experience from international eco-agriculture organizations and the development patterns and benifits of eco-agriculture in foreign countries,from which we can get to know what we need to learn and how to develop the eco-agriculture in hot-dry valley region in middle and lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River. Based on the rich theoretical foundation and advanced international experience,this article proposes the challenges of eco-agriculture development in hot-dry valley region in middle and lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River we faced,including factors about ecological environment,natural resources and agricultural resources in country. The weakecosystem in hot-dry valley region of the Jinshajiang River has the following features that is disadvantageous for plant growth : the degree of drought is aggravating,many plants can't grow in this region,the contradiction of heat and water is obvious,water and soil loss is serious,man-made sabotage takes place frequently,phytocoenosium is easy to destroy but difficult to recover and soil fertility is poor,but the most serious problem is the partly shortage of water.With the changes of society,the ecological environment in dry-hot valley region is becoming weaker. The adjustment ability of ecological environment to resist the natural disasters is weakening,the pollution of pesticide and chemical fertilizer is extremely serious,plant damage and water and soil loss is aggravating,the range and degree of ecological deterioration is expanding,which bring some negative effects to the sustainable development of agriculture in hot-dry valley region.In addition,the agricultural infrastructure construction is backward and the manpower's education level is relatively low which leads to a low agricultural skill level in northwest of Yunnan Province.Furthermore,a large number of rural labor force especially the young labors are transfering to the cities,which makes a shortage of rural labor force and has adverse effects on development of eco-agriculture.This article analyzes the comprehensive benefits of eco-agriculture development in hot-dry valley region in middle and lower reaches of the Jinshajiang River,including ecological benefit,economic benefit and social benefit. The development patterns and strategies of eco-agriculture in this region should be decided by the ecosystem there.The ecosystem in the Jinshajiang River can be divided into four sub-ecosystems according to the water conditions which are related to agricultural production,they are rainfall system,catchment irrigation(for sloping fields and dry land) system,proper water irrigation(for wet land) system and reservoir area system. By comparing the water conditions and altitudes of the sub-systems,we can choose the suitable plants to grow and animals to feed,furthermore we can propose the specific eco-agriculture development patterns which are suitable for different ecosystems. On the other hand,we can formulate some countermeasures to solve the related problems,such as the low water use ratio,environmental protection of eco-agriculture,transfer of rural labor force,the poor economic benefit of agricultural products and the backward rural infrastructure of agriculture etc.