Optimization Design Of Mid-Infrared Light Modulator In Graphene

Optical modulators are critical components in optical fiber communications and integrated optics.With the development of ultra-high speed,large-capacity,and integrated optical transmission systems,the search for high-speed,broadband,and compact integrable optical modulators has become the main research direction.In addition,the mid-infrared wave band?2²0?m?has great potential for application in various fields,but integrated photonics has progressed very slowly in the mid-infrared region.Designing novel mid-infrared devices using materials with low loss in the mid-infrared waveband and new two-dimensional material graphene with good electro-optical characteristics will play an important role in promoting the rapid development of mid-infrared communication.In this paper,a mid-infrared modulator with a microring resonator and M-Z interference structure is designed based on the transparency characteristics of chalcogenide glass waveguide materials in the mid-infrared waveband and electronic controllable tunability of graphene,and the modulator with good performance parameters is obtained.Besides,a graphene-based D-fiber optical modulator experiment is also performed to verify the electronically controlled tunability of graphene.The main research contents of this article are as follows:1.The structure of slab waveguides and ridge waveguides are analyzed theoretically.Besides,the single mode transmission conditions of the waveguide are discussed and verified by simulation.2.Firstly,the basic principle of the graphene micro-ring modulator is analyzed theoretically.The influence of graphene on the waveguide mode and effective refractive index is discussed.Then the structural parameters of the mid-infrared light modulator based on the graphene micro-ring are analyzed and optimized.The modulation performance of the device finally can achieve an extinction ratio of 5.788dB,and an optical bandwidth of5.010?m⁵.035?m,and energy consumption of2.515×10^-12J/bit.The electro-optical modulator based on the graphene M-Z structure also achieves a modulation bandwidth of approximately 42.1 GHz,an optimal extinction ratio of 20.23 dB,and energy consumption of 5.4639×10^-1212 J/bit.3.A graphene-based D-fiber optical modulator experiment is designed to verify the electronic-tunable characteristics of graphene.Through the fabrication and testing of experimental samples,the results show that graphene can modulate the optical signal by applying a bias voltage.