Cluster-Based Location Algorithm And Adaptive Routing Algorithm In Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

With the rapid development of ocean technology,underwater sensor networks,as a branch of communication network,play an important role in ocean monitoring,underwater locating and sea discovering.However,there are also some technical problems which researchers should face for.The location scheme and routing algorithm also become two popular directions in underwater sensor network research.Due to the characteristics of sound wave,Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network(UASN)has the disadvantages of high energy consumption,high data error rate and low quality of sound channel,designing the suitable location scheme and routing protocol is one strategy to overcome the above disadvantages in UASN.This thesis focus on the location scheme and routing algorithm in UASN.Firstly,the thesis introduces the basic knowledge of underwater acoustic communication,including the calculation process of sound speed,basic knowledge in MAC layer and routing layer.Then,based on the basic knowledge,TOA(Time of Arrival)measuring technology and classic location schemes such as Area Location Scheme(ALS),the thesis propose a TOA based Cluster Estimation Locating Scheme(CELS).CELS algorithm includes the location measurement module and location estimation algorithm.At last,A Cluster Based Adaptive Routing Algorithm(CBAR algorithm)is proposed basing on CELS and classic routing algorithm such as Focus Beam Routing(FBR)and Distributed Underwater Cluster Scheme(DUCS).CBAR algorithm is divided into three processes by transmission process: routing establishing process,data transmission process and routing update process.In CBAR algorithm,detailed algorithm and scheme are described for each part.With CBAR algorithm,the routing and data transmission process of the large area underwater acoustic communication network in the shallow sea is realized.This thesis use AUVNetSim as the simulation platform to simulate CELS and CBAR algorithm in four shallow water UASN scenarios with different sparsity.In location simulation,CELS algorithm is compared with ALS.In routing simulation,CBAR algorithm is compared with FBR and DUCS.The simulation results show that,on one hand,compared with the traditional location routing algorithm,the CELS algorithm halved the accuracy of unknown node localization under the premise of a 5% increase in energy consumption.On the other hand,compared with FBR algorithm and DUCS algorithm,CBAR has a high data delivery ratio of 95%,and keep an acceptable end-to-end delay with low energy consumption.