Phase Microscopy System Design Optimization And Its Application Research On Phase Retrieval Method Based On Optical Holography

Cell is the basic composition unit of organism and life activity.Cells' morphology is complex and easily changeable,and all the different cells perform their respective duties.In the biomedical field,research on life science,modern medicine and other fields,imaging recognition of the cell morphological characteristics has a very important position.Especially in the last ten years,the digital holographic phase microscopy has rapid development.Combined with digital holography,optical microscopy and digital images of modern technology,Quantitative phase imaging(QPI)has been widely used according to its unique advantages in the life science and other fields.Compared with the traditional technology which needs such complex processing procedures as the samples need to be marked,dyed,fixed and etc,QPI has many advantages,such as no damage,non-invasive,non-ionizing radiation,real-time in 3D space and quantitative.So it has been used as the main technical in the field of biological cell detection.In view of these problems,this paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province and other major fund projects.Biological cells qualitative and quantitative phase imaging techniques and its methods of phase extraction have been fully summarized and comparatively analyzed,which on the basis of reading and analyzing a lot of materials of this field in recent years.At first,a method of diffraction phase imaging and phase retrieval with two steps is presented based on diffraction phase microscopy.The simulation and experiment results both show that the imaging method has the good stability,could be apply to dynamic monitoring,scope of application has been expanded.In addition,traditional quantitative phase information reflects merely the product of the thickness of biological cells and ambient refractive index difference with cells,it is an integral variation along the direction of light transmission,can not reflect the real and effective condition of every point,the expression is only two-dimensional distribution.Based on this research status we proposed a phase microscopy system with dual-channel in nonorthogonal phase,could be collected two interference figure under the different angles at the same time with single exposure,this system could not only save the acquisition time,but also enhanced the stability,accuracy and efficiency of phase imaging.Phase microscopy imaging could be realized speedy in dual-angle,laying the foundation of the 3D reconstruction.In the field of the phase reconstruction theoretic optimization,aiming at the noise in interferometry microscopy technique,a method of matrix p-norm retrieval under the generalized three-step phase-shifting is proposed combined with three phase shift interferometry.This method is easy to implement,because only the matrix p-norm of the intensity difference between each two interference patterns is required to calculated,and no other physical quantities need to be measured.As a result,the imaging requirement is reduced and the robustness of the image is improved.This method is validated by the simulation and experiment.Moreover,we also conduct an experiment with the polystyrene sphere by taking p for 2 based on this method,results show the effectiveness of them.This paper has made certain progress in both experimental and theoretical research,it has a good applicable value for the morphological structure reconstruction of biological cell,as well as provides a good research thought for the further study exploration.