Research On Beam Forming Technology Of Array Antenna Based On Differential Evolution Algorithm

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the traditional structure of the antenna, including omni antenna, single polarization antenna and dual polarized antenna cannot meet the requirements of people on the base station antenna for high speed and high quality data transmission, an urgent need to meet the technical requirements of the new. So the array antenna is getting more and more attention. Array antenna with high gain, strong directivity, directional control, high capacity, strong anti-interference ability and other advantages,has become one of the next generation mobile communications options. As one of the key technologies of the array antenna, beam forming technology has become a research hotspot in the field of array antenna.In this paper, we study the beamforming of array antenna based on differential evolution algorithm. The main work includes the following aspects. Firstly, several common antenna structure and its working principle, design a center frequency antenna unit for dual polarization cast metal 2525MHz, which adopts a horizontal cross structure and vertical length is 37.6mm, the height is 19.5mm. The antenna element is modeled and simulated by using HFSS, and some electrical performance parameters are studied. Then the antenna unit is designed with a 64 element array antenna, the antenna array lateral length is 480mm, the longitudinal length of 652mm, the level of the array element spacing is 22.4mm, vertical array alienation is 43.9mm, and HFSS for modeling and simulation. then studies the optimization algorithm of several beamforming the focus on the principle and implementation steps of the differential evolution algorithm,differential evolution algorithm is used for the antenna array amplitude and phase optimizingweights beamforming realize array antenna. The horizontal and narrow beam forming and horizontal double beam forming are mainly studied. From the HFSS output of the results of the direction of view, when the required level of beam width below 45 degrees, the deviation can be controlled in 5 degrees. It can be seen that the differential evolution algorithm has very good effectiveness and high accuracy on the optimization of the array antenna's amplitude and phase weight.