The Research Of Energy-aware Routing Algorithm In WSN

Wireless sensor network is composed of a large number of low-costs and low-power sensor nodes by self-organizing.It can detect,monitor,acquire and analyze almost all kinds of environment information.The flexibility,stability,expansibility,economy,safety and reliability of WSN make it widely used in military monitoring,industrial control,medical and healthy,environmental monitoring and other fields.The research on WSN has got sustained attention to various fields.In practice,there are many obstacles which affect the large-scale application of sensor networks.For example,in the process of network application,because of the number of nodes,and the random location,complex monitoring environment,some nodes energy consumption is intense.This situation will cause energy quickly exhausted,and some node will stop working.For large area monitoring,the network uses a large number of nodes to deploy,which result in a higher overall cost and hinder the promotion and popularization of the network.In the actual deployment,the nodes are often powered by batteries.The miniaturization of nodes makes the battery capacity limited and large number of nodes also cause the node energy supplement inconveniencing.The energy optimization strategy is used to research the network which provides new ideas about establish the energy efficiency and saving network.According to unbalanced energy consumption and different types of application characteristics,combine with the node energy consumption model and multi-path routing technology,realize the residual time prediction;network topology and time synchronization are studied.(1)Energy consumption model.Combining the energy consumption characteristics of the CC2530 node and the node battery discharge law,make energy model to calculate the consumption,the energy distribution,and predict the remaining time.The simulation tool for TinyOS2.x can not detect the energy of WSN,so design TinyOS2.x energy calculation module to calculate the energy to achieve energy monitoring,conducive the study of network energy.(2)Routing Protocol.Due to the limited of the battery,and the process of running the network topology will continue to change,the route can change as the application change.Cluster heads select using non-uniform clustering method,and determined by the mutual cooperation of node competitiveness and node energy management mechanism.According to the factors of transmission energy consumption,energy and transmission distance to select the multi-hop path between clusters to balance energy load with an accumulated,thus prolonging the network lifetime.(3)Time synchronization.Aiming at the inconsistency of the running time,a time synchronization algorithm is proposed.Reduce the cost of synchronization communication by using node layering strategy;the synchronization error compensation mechanism can reduce the synchronization error;the clock compensation mechanism can reduce the cumulative of crystal oscillation.Under the premise of ensuring accuracy,the algorithm can reduce the number of synchronization message and the cost of synchronous communication.