A Study On The Editing Features Of The Nongzheng Quanshu

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,China's traditional agriculture has already developed to its peak.As the source of food and clothing,it is fundamental to people's livelihood and also supports the extension of the empire.The compilation of agricultural books in the Ming Dynasty shows a distinctive feature of the times.It not only exceeds the previous historical periods in number,but also has extensive content involving all aspects of agricultural activities,which has played an important role in promoting the development of agriculture.After the mid-Ming Dynasty,with the popularity of the thought of “administration and pragmatism”,it appears the climax of the eastward transmission of western sciences;the the idea of agriculture-oriented also has been strengthened;the close integration of elite education,which is characterized by the imperial examination system,and civil public education has promoted the prosperity of the publishing and printing industry;besides,under the influence of the Confucian ' s thought of “ administration and pragmatism” and the agriculture priority idea of the feudal dynasty,scholars becomes the main body of the creation of agricultural books......All these constitute the multi-mixed compilation background of the Nongzheng Quanshu.The Editing Features of the Nongzheng Quanshu intensively embodies China's ancient agricultural science achievements.The Nongzheng Quanshu is known as the "Encyclopedia of Agriculture".It has perfect compilation system and abundant content,which reflects Xu Guangqi's highly generalization on the traditional agricultural system.Balanced length,special name for every volume,scientific planning for articles,reasonable layout and presentation with text and graphics all reflect the advancement of its compiling system.Xu Guangqi's some ideas has laid a solid theoretical foundation for the agricultural practice.These ideas include the thought of water conservancy—“Water conservancy is fundamental for agriculture”,the thought of the ecological environment—“people should farm in order and comply to the timeliness”,the thought of “famine”—“We should put prevention as superior,preparation as medium and relief as inferior” and the thought of agriculture-oriented—“it must relays on the basic business to make the country wealthy”.The Nongzheng Quanshu reflects Xu Guangqi's effective practical exploration.He presents systematic project about water conservancy construction from two aspects: perfect water conservancy process and and reasonable water management;he also discusses specific “ famine ” measures from three aspects: land reclamation,famine-relief and the wealth among the people;he clears the requirements of introducing and promoting advanced agricultural technology;and he also depicts the early ecological agriculture prototype which focuses on developing the production factors recycling and reusing.Xu Guangqi's rigorous editing method is a treasure of China's agriculture history,which takes absorbing advanced thoughts of many thinkers to present unique ideas,arranging carefully,classifying reasonably,summarizing and exploring the law,seeking truth from facts and inheriting critically as the core.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the Nongzheng Quanshu spreads in the world in the form of transcripts and printed manuscripts;regional evasion system of officials in office is beneficial for enlightened officials to bring it to the service area;the records in daily books,oral communication and group communication are the main communication means of the Nongzheng Quanshu in the country.What's more,with the prosperity and flourish of the eastward transmission of western sciences,China and other foreign countries communicate with each other more deeply in politics and culture.As a result,the Nongzheng Quanshu also has been spread to Japan,North Korea and European countries,which expands the influence of China's agricultural civilization in the world.