Nonlinear Optical Properties And Applications Of Silicon-based Microcavity Coupling Structure

Today, the rapid development of low-cost integrated optoelectronic devices results in needs for future high-speed transmission and information transmission of large data increasing. Silicon-based optoelectronic devices using photons replace various functions of electronic circuits, as well as to achieve inter-chip or on-chip interconnect has become a hot academic research, and considered as one of the most difficult challenges. Mature microelectronic processing technology for ultra large scale integrated circuits made a special contribution, which greatly promoted the development of silicon photonics. Silicon material is the main material in the field of microelectronics, and the silicon material used for sheet glazing interconnection with three advantages: transparent optical communication band,, Si intrinsic absorption loss is only 0.004 dB / cm when light is in a wavelength of 1523 nm, basically no loss; high refractive index difference provides a good optical confinement capability; compatible with conventional CMOS processes. Using silicon on insulator(SOI), we have produced an array waveguide grating, an optical waveguide modulators, optical switches and optical random access memory(O-RAM), and many other fine optical waveguide devices. Nonlinear optics is the basis for all-optical switching, optical diodes and O-RAM, and optical bistable device is the cornerstone that uses nonlinear effect to achieve the optical signal processing. Bistable study currently implements a number of functional devices, but there is a few multi-stable and micro-ring resonator coupling structure study. Silicon photonic technology can be compatible with CMOS technology and integrated circuits,and is ideal photonic integration platform.In this paper, we achieved theoretical and experimental research of the silicon micro-ring coupling structure design, the main contents include: The nonlinear effects, O-RAM based on coupled microring resonators and all optical diode structure theory research; manufacturing processes and test systems research; research characteristics of the device. The main contents and results are as follows:(1) Theoretical analysis and modeling of the the silicon micro-ring coupling structure. Including: nonlinear theory research of single-chamber and dual-chamber structure; construct the theoretical model of a silicon photodiode, that establishs nonlinear transfer matrix model of asymmetric FP cavity and microring coupling structure. Theoretical analysis laid the foundation for the subsequent experimental feature of all-silicon photodiode.(2) Characteristics and application of coupled microring resonators. We established nonlinear transfer matrix and researched tristable characteristics of microcavities and waveguide coupled system, discuss applications to achieve tristable optical switche and optical storage.(3) We design a bi-directional silicon optical diode based on a Fabry–Perot etalon–microring resonator coupled system. A ultracompact, simple and bi-directional silicon optical diode based on a Fabry–Perot etalon–microring resonator(FPMR) coupled system is studied theoretically and experimentally. A nonreciprocal transmission ratio(NTR) of 30.88 dB at input power of 2.05 dBm and a NTR of-15.38 dB at input power of-6.95 dBm are achieved in the device, the insertion losses are 11.66 dB and 17.14 dB, respectively..(4) We design a ultracompact optical diode by surface-roughness-induced contradirectional coupling based on a Fabry–Perot etalon–microring resonator coupled system. Reflective surface roughness caused by microring achieved a peak splitting optical non-reciprocal, non-reciprocal optical transmission coefficient of 35.75 dB, injected power of 1.64 dBm, 10 dB non-reciprocal bandwidth of 0.184 nm. The spectral characteristics of novel micro-ring resonator is suitable for chip-level practical all-optical diode.