Research On Optimized Nodes Deployment Of HAP-Based Marine Monitoring Sensor Networks

With the development of Smart Ocean,the existing remote monitoring networks basing on maritime satellites can no longer meet the needs of marine monitoring in terms of bandwidth and time delay,which poses higher and faster requirements for marine monitoring networks.HAP is an easy-to-deploy,reusable communications,inexpensive and widely available platform.The use of HAP instead of satellites can provide appreciable bandwidth,lower latency,and stable signal transmission to the sensing network as a communication relay for remote monitoring networks.The height of 21km from the ground can also reduce network energy consumption and improve network life.Although the concept of HAP has been proposed for years,few studies have been reported on the deployment with specific environmental constraints.In this thesis,the deployment and optimization of ocean sensing monitoring networks based on HAP will be studied with high realistic and theoretical value for the practical deployment.First,this thesis presents a HAP-based Marine Monitoring Sensor Network(HMMSN)architecture.The architecture builds a long-distance transmission network through HAP to realize real-time and efficient trans-regional transmission of monitoring information,overcomes the shortcomings of high transmission delay and tight bandwidth of satellite and realizes large coverage on the sea surface.Secondly,aiming at the limited energy of sensing nodes and the harsh deployment environment in HMMSN,a multi-objective optimization deployment problem with the primary goal of maximizing network lifetime and minimizing network energy consumption is proposed.The problem statement and mathematical formulation are given.With the coverage,connectivity and reliability of the network are comprehensively considered,a multi-objective linear program is established.In this thesis,Gurobi optimizer is used to solve the network deployment problems with respect to different network scales,as well as to verify the feasibility of the formulation.Finally,an improved heuristic algorithm based on ant colony algorithm is proposed to obtain a near-optimal solution when Gurobi cannot solve the problem in large-scale network scenario.This algorithm can not only provide the solution scheme of suboptimal solution,but also can solve in a short time.In this thesis,the heuristic algorithm is applied to the simulation of large-scale scenes and compared with the solution of Gurobi.The results show that the proposed heuristic algorithm based on ant colony algorithm can solve the HMMSN deployment problem effectively and efficiently.