Study On The Development Of Training Models For Pre-Service Teachers In The United States

Pre-service teachers are the main force of future teachers,It is particularly critical to strengthen the training of pre-service teachers in a national teacher training task.The United States is a country with a great focus on pre-service teacher training and has accumulated a wealth of experience in promoting a series of pre-service teacher training programs and has gradually formed a diversified pre-service teacher training models in promoting pre-service teacher training.Specifically,in the 1950s.the United States formed a university-based pre-service teacher training model,until the early 1980s,this model is the most important pre-service teacher training model in the United States.In the 1980s,the drawbacks of the university-based pre-service teacher training model began to be highlighted,gradually being replaced by anti-professional selective pre-service teacher training model and advocating professional pre-service teacher professional development school model.In the 21st century,the United States have appeared in the school-based and clinical practice pre-service teacher training model.Therefore,since the 1980s,the traditional university-based pre-service teacher training model status gradually weakened,and selective pre-service teacher training model,pre-service teacher professional development school model,school-based pre-service teacher training model and clinical The practice of pre-service teacher training model gradually rise,these models are integrated,have their own strengths,and jointly promote the training of pre-service teachers in the United States.Facts show that the emergence and development of the pre-service teacher training model in the United States have met the demand for the quantity and quality of future teachers in the United States to a certain extent.The useful experience of the development of the pre-service teacher training model in the United States has undoubtedly provided reference and reference for the training of pre-service teachers in China.This paper studies the development of training models for pre-service teachers in the United States by means of literature analysis and case analysis,and reveals the background,implementation condition,implementation evaluation.Pointing out the current model of pre-service teacher training in the United States and elucidating the role that these models play in cultivating pre-service teachers.On the basis of summarizing the development characteristics of pre-service teacher training mode in the United States.the author puts forward some suggestions for the training of pre-service teachers in China.Specifically,the study can be divided into seven parts.The first part is the preface.This paper expounds the theoretical and practical significance of the research and the significance of the research,and expounds the related research achievements of the American pre-service teacher training model at home and abroad,defines the core concept in the paper,and introduces the educational science research method.The second part to the fifth part of the time in order,respectively,the university-based pre-service teacher training model,selective pre-service teacher training model,pre-service teacher professional development school model,school and clinical practice pre-service teachers Training mode,from the implementation of the background,the implementation of the overview and implementation of several aspects of evaluation,in-depth study of the implementation of each model and development,but also reveals the relationship between each model and other models and different.In the sixth part,the author takes the University of Maryland as an example to illustrate the interrelationship and application status of these mainstream pre-service teacher training models in the process of pre-service teacher training in the United States,and further summarizes the characteristics of the development of pre-service teacher training models in the United States,Focusing on the emphasis on pre-service teacher certification standards,pay attention to pre-service teacher learning and teaching practice of mutual integration,emphasizing the extension of pre-service teaching time,advocate pre-service teacher training model to expand the scope of cooperation and attention to pre-service teacher teaching Use of evaluation.In the seventh part,the author puts forward four suggestions on the training of pre-service teachers in our country,which is based on our own national conditions and establishes the training objectives of reflective practitioners.It emphasizes the combination of theoretical courses and practical courses of pre-service teachers to improve practical courses To encourage multi-stakeholder participation in pre-service teacher training,in particular to strengthen cooperation between universities and primary and secondary schools;and to advocate the establishment of a national network of assessment databases,diversification assessment to promote the development of pre-service teachers.