The Developmental Characteristic Of Arithmetical Operation For Children Aged 5-6 Years During Dice Game-

Although dice has been often used in kindergartens,mostly as assistant tool,it has not usually been used to support mathematics learning,and for now it is less funny and not concerned much with child mathematical operation.As a tool,dice could be made with different kinds of patterns on every side;besides it can be played by combining different points into different numbers,which could be helpful for mathematical operation and has potential for mathematic learning.This study,creatively,combining the design of dice with young child's development,one side,showed the development of child's mathematic operation during dice game,especially with the whole developmental process of mathematical strategies showed;another side,showed the whole process of dice toy designing based on child development,which strengthened the importance of incorporating the characteristics of child learning and development into the toy design.After 20 times of observation,transcripts and analysis,the conclusions are as follows:First,we found that the use of dice toy did demonstrate the development of children's mathematical ability.Second,the mathematic strategies used by the young children in the dice toy games included no strategies,imitation of other strategies,finger tactics,finger strategies,speech strategies and extraction strategies,and the use of strategies were varied.But there was significance between different groups of children.Besides,the level of children's own math ability and the different game patterns will affect the extent to what it promoted.Third,further qualitative analysis and case studies also found that,although the development of different numbers of children's mathematic strategies were different,but generally had dynamic characteristics.Fourth,we believed that the factors affecting their development include teachers' guidance,the absorption of peer experience,the setting of the title card and the strength of the child's own learning ability.Based on the above conclusions,For young children,the appropriate dice game both playability and edutainment.The researchers suggested that we could design dice games based on the educational value,in order to support the development of child's mathematic learning;meanwhile,we should also pay attention to the developmental process during dice toy games and give response to children accordingly.This study also showed a whole process of the designing and modifying of the dice toy,and we recommend that in future toy designer and kindergarten teacher should consider the randomness and the different patterns for dice combining,incorporat children's development characteristics,and by ongoing trial and modify,reflect and improve the design and production of dice toys,better integrating the of edutainment and playability,making dice games more suitable for young children,and let the children attain development during the play.