Evolution About Numbers And Calculation Of The Primary Mathematics Textbooks In China During The 20th Century

Numbers and the calculation is the foundation of mathematics knowledge system, is the best mathematics knowledge to cultivate Innovation consciousness?found the problems?experience science.which is the main body of mathematics study content during the primary school.That is to say, numbers and the calculation is both traditional and innovative mathematics knowledge.The development of numbers and the calculation is a history of practice about mathematics knowledge,promoting the development of mathematics and other subjects,Bearing the Chinese splendid culture.However,researchers tend to focus on the new mathematics knowledge such as statistics,probability, space transformation,and neglect the most basic mathematics content.So,grasping the historical evolution of numbers and the calculation can improve the guidance and predictability of its own and others.This research regards the development of time as clues,divided the 20 th century into three period. Explore the evolution features about numbers and calculation of the representative primary mathematics textbooks during these times,from three aspects of content selection?choreography system ? presentation.The research has six chapters:the first chapter elaborates this research selected topic reason, research questions?ideas?methods and basic framework, states the research purpose?significance, define the relevant concepts.The second chapter reviews the research status at domestic and foreign about numbers and calculation of the elementary school mathematics textbooks.Through collecting and organizing data, summarizing the research achievements of predecessors, Looking for research train of thought and breakthrough from the perspective of the problem.The third?fourth?fifth chapter analysis the structures and reasons about numbers and calculation of six primary mathematics textbooks of the late Qing dynasty, the republic of China,the new China three historical periods, summary and analysis the content.The sixth chapter sums up the experiences and revelations about numbers and calculation of the primary mathematics textbooks in China during the 20 th century.Numbers and calculation of the primary mathematics textbooks in China, getting the first true sense elementary school mathematics textbooks which translate western textbooks in the late Qing dynasty,Successful transformation,changing successfully during the period of the republic of China,reducing until stable development in new China period,through a road of twists and turns exploration.The content from more to less, from numerous to Jane, from from detailed to fine.The choreography system from the focus on knowledge to branch and even between disciplines.The presentation from pay attention to teachers' teaching, to pay attention to the learning of students,and then to do both.Conclude that, numbers and calculation of the primary mathematics textbooks in China during the 20 th century, for the purpose of social development, in the stable development in the content; To highlight the basic concept and the basic rule in the choreography; To reflect the teaching method and the ideological and moral education on the presentation.So,on the textbook writing,we can select content, highlight the fundamental;Optimizing scheduling system, paying attention to logic;Beautifying presentation,showing the diversity.