Study Of Evolvement Of American Secondary Education Aim In Late 20～(th) Century

This paper based on the review and analysis of the evolution course aim of secondary education in America in late half 20th century. The paper unified historic and logical method, trying to reveal the evolution course of aim of secondary education in America , and the feature and causes of the evolution, summarizing the experiences of success and drawing lessons from its failure. It also refined some important information which enlighten the reform of secondary education in our country at present and could be refered to deepen the reform.The paper included preface and main body which discussed in four aspects. The first three parts discussed three phases of the evolution of aim of secondary education in America in late 20th century as follows: the 1st phase : the early 1950s to the late 1960s,cultivating high quality talent in knowledge; the 2nd phase :the late 1960s to middle 1970s, cultivating qualified labor for society ; the 3rd phase: the middle 1970s to late 20th century, the aim of cultivating the persons having basic ability of reading, writing and calculating evoluted to cultivate people's scientific quality. Summary was gived in the fourth parts which analyse the cause and feature of the evolution and the revelation which could be refered to the reform of secondary education in our country. The causes of the evolution including five aspects: first, the impact of pragmatism culture; second, teacher; third, education adminstration separated seriously; forth, society; fifth, the extreme evaluation. During the evolution, the main features of the aim of secondary education were: first, the aim of secondary education got in touch well with society requirement; second, the aim of secondary education varied but tended to attach importance to cultivating high quality talent; third, the society chauvinism of education aim. Evolution of the aim of secondary education in America enlighted the reform of secondary education in our country as follows: first, drew up the reasonable aim of secondary education; second, based on education aim, explicatedthe cultivating aim, which is premise of the development of secondary education ;third, reformed teaching content and teaching method which should satisfied the aim of common secondary education and cultivating talent, overcame the utilitarianism; forth, threngthened middle school student's basic knowledge and technique; fifth, threngthened the constuction of morality education and humanism education; sixth, threngthened the training of teachers.