A Comparative Study On The Differences Of Under-graduate College-graduate And Post-graduates' Employment

Along with the popularization higher education development,not only thousands of students entered the university and realize their dreams,but also prepared a team for the country's economic development and social progress.All along, higher education graduates have better employment opportunities and income levels than graduates of other levels of education. However, with the rapid expansion of higher education in China in recent years, the supply and demand of college graduates in the labor market has been changing. With a large number of college graduates pouring into the labor market, the original higher education graduates' employment situation are getting worse. The graduate unemployment increased, originally belonging to the relatively low levels of education graduates jobs are now crowding by the highly educated graduates. Students investment in education to improve the competitiveness of the individual,but they did not receive the expected benefits.A series of issues that job doesn't match the individual,the rate of return on investment in education and other related issues fall to become the focus of attention of the whole society.In this paper, use the 2015 National Social Science Fund Project "Could University Change the Fate " questionnaire data, and use 2001 as the dividing line, before the year 2001 as elite higher education stage, after 2001 as popularization higher education stage, to analyze any different in the two phases of their career, income and social class about different degree graduates of colleges.The conclusions of this study were as follows:??In the elite stage of higher education, undergraduate, college graduate and postgraduate have clear differences between social status. Specifically in:People who has a master degree work in the high social status most, followed by university diploma, college diploma least. Master degree occupied the most proportion of high-income groups, the college degree is in a minimum proportion; in the low-income groups, college degree take the most percentage and the master degree least. Master degree take the largest proportion of the state and social administrators in the high social status, bachelor degree followed, college degree the least and up to half the proportion of the industrial workers, peasants, urban unemployed.?? In the popularization higher education stage, master degree has obvious advantages compared with college degree and bachelor degree when it comes to social status, but the gap about social status between college degree and bachelor degree has been further reduced. Specifically in:Master degree occupied the most proportion of people working in the party and government organs or public institutions, the ratio is the sum of college degree and bachelor degree. Undergraduate and college graduate are concentrated in the foreign-funded enterprises, and a significant proportion. On the revenue side, the proportion of high-income range up to postgraduate, significantly higher than the undergraduate and college graduate, but the wage gap between undergraduate and college graduate are becoming smaller. In terms of social class, master degree occupied the most proportion in state and social administrators and the least in the business service sectors, there are obvious gap compared with other graduates, but the gap between college degree and bachelor degree are not.?? Although there will be "post squeezing"?personal education investment income declined phenomenon, it will lead to skills and knowledge of individuals can not fully display, which may affect the motivation and job satisfaction of individual work, and even affect the individual's labor productivity. But in the fierce competition in the labor market today, education is an important selection criteria to the owner's selection and appointment,higher education is often more conducive to find a more suitable job, to get more revenue. Even the quality of employment in the popularization stage declined, but compared to lower educated individuals can still bring a competitive advantage for the individual. Therefore, investing in education, to pursuit higher education remains an important investment decisions for many college students, which is why "graduate rush" and other social phenomena continued constantly, highly educated absolute comparative advantage still exists.Based on these findings, we propose the following recommendations:From the government level, to keep up with policies to support the implementation of the employment subsidy; optimize the industrial structure, promote the development of tertiary industry; play a leading role, regulate the job market.From the college level,colleges should adjust and optimize the structure of higher education, insisting on selective development, have a reasonable position to all types of higher education. Graduate Education must be strictly, tight and stable, focus on cultivate high-level innovative talents. Undergraduate education should stabilize the scale, focus on training applied, compound talents. From the corporate level, establish the scientific concept of employment; implementation of fair competition mechanism.From the individual level, rational analysis of their own situation, changing the concept of employment; enhancing professional knowledge, and constantly update the knowledge base; to actively participate in practical activities, to exercise their own.