| The concept of a state governed by the rule of law is aimed at protecting human rights and freedoms.The supremacy of the law,the separation of powers,the mutual rights and duties of the state and the individual-these ideas characterize the state as legal and create the most effective conditions for the realization of individual rights and freedoms.Further progress of the state in civilizational forms is its social activity:protection of low-income citizens,pensioners,disabled people,and other categories of citizens,including children.The development of rights and freedoms is reflected in international and domestic laws and regulations,e.g.the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948),International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights,International Covenant on Economic,Social and Cultural Rights,Convention on the Rights of the Child,Convention on the Political Rights of Women.These documents clearly illustrate the evolution rights and freedoms of the individual.In the field of child protection,the main international document is the Convention on the Rights of the Child,in which Russia participates as the legal successor of the USSR.This international document has a direct effect on the territory of the Russian Federation,and Russia has assumed its entire obligations.Therefore,now the country is carrying out a number of activities aimed at raising the standard of living of children,ensuring their legal protection,and,thus,implementing the requirements of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.In other words,the time has come when it became extremely important to translate in the norms of law the idea of a consistent,based on the principles of genuine philanthropy,the protection of the rights of minors in the Russian Federation.Also,it is necessary to strengthen legal guarantees of this kind of protection.The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive general theoretical analysis of the rights of the child presented in the Convention,their normative consolidation inRussian law,as well as the effectiveness of the mechanism for their protection,and measures taken by the Russian state and society in this direction that are of great social and cultural importance.In such a comprehensive theoretical and legal aspect,having an important socio-cultural significance,the rights of the child and their protection at the level of international legal experience were not studied in China before.For the first time,a complete system analysis of the implementation of the norms of the Convention in Russian legislation was carried out.Practical maintenance of realization of the rights of the child and their protection at a local level and at the national level was considered.The methodological basis of the study was a set of methods currently known to scientific research,adapted to the specificity of the subject being studied-the rights of the child and their protection.The main method of cognition was the universal dialectical method,in the framework of which such general logical methods as analysis,synthesis,induction,deduction,comparison were applied.In addition,systemic and comparative legal methods were used. |
