The Rise And Development Of The British National Landscape Painting

Landscape painting occupies an important place in the history of European painting,and the history of landscape painting could trace back to the middle ages.Moreover,it is possible to find some landscape sketches of middle age painters,by recording the local sceneries and serve the religious themed murals.However,the landscape painting was not an independent kind of painting at that time.With the development of painting,the landscape painting has gradually emerged from many kinds of paintings and has become an independent and important painting as well.Now whenever we talk about landscape painting,France will certainly come to mind,because many famous painting schools were born in France,such as Impressionism,barbizonism and realism.But the British landscape was rarely mentioned,although the British landscape painting is not inferior to the French landscape painting in the European painting history.In addition,many famous landscape painting schools of French could trace back to the British landscape painting.Looking back the painting history of each country in Europe,it is possible to find that the development of British painting possessed distinctive features.Because of its special geographical position,the Renaissance movement in 14 th Century has little effects in Britain.With the advent of religious reformation,British painting was severely destroyed,that ' s why the British painting appeared a blank period while the rest countries of Europe have rapid development in painting.As Hans van Dyck and Holbein arrived in Britain the portrait were also entered into the UK,and the portrait started to monopolize the British painting.For more than 400 years,the portrait was the only kind of painting in Britain.In a manner of speaking,it was completely a great depression for Britain painting.But their arrival also brought a trace of vitality to British painting and also contributed to the revival of Britain painting.After that the development speed of British painting was much faster than other European countries.The special geographical location of Britain endowed the British people with a strong sense of pride,and they no longer willing to see the painting circle were dominated by foreign artists.In addition,the English Bourgeois Revolution was succeeded and the industrial revolution also started in Britain.The politics and economy began to develop rapidly,which also allowed the people to have more energy and time to appreciate the painting.Moreover,the "grand tour" education system also made the British people to immerse in the beautiful sceneries of the nature and the British national scenery school also came into being.In additional to the efforts of British painters,such as William Hogarth's satirical genre painting has made great contributions to popularization of British painting.The Royal Academy of Fine Arts that founded by Reynolds has trained a large number of painting talents.Gainsborough has laid the foundation for the British national landscape painting.It was precisely because of them,the British national landscape painting came into being,and appeared two superior British landscape masters-Turner and Constable and later on the famous French Impressionist and Barbizon school were also influenced by the two masters.