| Semantic transparency research is a key topic in the study of Chinese vocabulary, it is also an innovative perspective of teaching Chinese vocabulary as a foreign language.In this study, 1131 morphemes of 1203 high-level two-syllable compound nouns in The Graded Chinese Syllables, Characters and Words for the Application of Teaching Chinese to the Speakers of Other Languages are used as corpus, and the semantic opaque words are classified. Students can learn the knowledge of the morpheme off, the metastatic meaning of word, morpheme meaning and word meaning has nothing to do and such occasion like that, so as to sort out the basis for improving learning efficiency.The semantic opacity study of The Graded Chinese Syllables, Characters and Words for the Application of Teaching Chinese to the Speakers of Other Languages is divided into four parts:Firstly, through the quantification of the morpheme and morpheme meaning of the 1203 high-level two-syllable compound nouns, we conclude that in all 1131 morphemes,15.66% of the morphemes contain two or more morphemes, Of the 1485 morpheme items, 30.93% were repeated. Through the analysis of the functional characteristics of the research object, we find that there are many combinations in the form of Chinese characters and morphemes, such as "one pronunciation with one form and one meaning"" one pronunciation with one form and many meanings" "many pronunciations with one form and one meaning" "many pronunciations with one form and many meanings". After making list of the property of the morphemes,we find that vocabularies,especially the latter morphemes, have a certain prophetic effect on the whole part of speech.Secondly, investigating the transparency of these two-syllable compound nouns.Drawing on Li Jinxia and Li Yuming's classification standards of word meaning and morpheme meaning, that is, completely transparent, relatively transparent, relatively obscure and completely obscure. We focus on the case of opaque emphatically.Transparent words have absolutely superiority in the number of 58.65%, completely transparent words shared second place with relatively obscure words, completely obscure words are last in line.Thirdly, to study the influence of word formation on the transparency of word meaning. There are five kinds of structural forms of compound nouns, which are joint,partial positive, complement, verb object and subject predicate, and the partial positive and the joint are dominant by 70.05% and 22.46%. At the end of this section, we analyze the possible factors that affect the transparency of the word meaning: the commonly used of morpheme, polysemy, word formation ability, the way of word formation, the relative position and the nature of the morpheme item.Finally, in view of the above research results, we propose that in the teaching of nouns, we should cultivate morpheme teaching consciousness, using the teaching way of"morpheme-morpheme","morpheme-word","word-morpheme - word - morpheme -word" and "word - word" in the specific teaching practice. For the completely obscure words and part of the relatively obscure words, using the combination of morpheme and the whole word teaching method is more economic. In the teaching of opaque words, that is, relatively transparent words, relatively obscure words and completely obscure words,we propose the teaching method like using attentive morpheme, making combination of high frequency words with low frequency words,calculating word guessing skills by context and so on. At the same time, this paper puts forward the idea of establishing vocabulary based on the transparency of word meaning, we hope to provide reference for teaching foreigner Chinese as the second language. |
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