The Effects Of Task Difficulty On Anxiety And Aggression Of Parent-absent Junior High School Students With Different Levels Of Desirability Of Control

Desirability of control is the desire and motivation of the individuals to control their life events.In this paper,based on the relevant research and evaluation scale at home and abroad,the author has developed the desirability of control scale with good reliability and validity for high school students.Use it to evaluate the basic situation of junior high school students' desire control,and to study the effects of different task difficulty on the anxiety and aggression of junior high school students whether being left-behind with different levels of control desire.The study used 2(the personality traits of control desire: high/low)x 2(whether being left-behind: yes/no)x 2(task difficulty: easy/difficult)mixed experimental design.The levels of control desire and whether or not being parent-absent are the variables between subjects.The task difficulty is the variable within subjects.The data are analyzed by SPSS and MPLUS.The statistical analysis methods include correlation analysis,t test,variance analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.The research results are as follows:1?The junior high school students' desirability of control scale includes four subscales: self-control,control of situation,and avoidance of being under control and control of others.The homogeneity reliability ? of the total scale and subscales are 0.871,0.716,0.719,0.749,0.704 respectively.The test-retest reliability of the total scale and subscales are 0.860,0.813,0.746,0.767,0.712 respectively.Confirmatory factor analysis is performed using MPLUS: RMSEA = 0.048,TLI = 0.873,CFI = 0.887,SRMR = 0.041.The reliability and validity of the scale are in good agreement with the requirements of psychometrics.2?As for the junior high school students' control desire,there is no significant difference in the demographic variables such as student birth place,whether only child or not,whether being left-behind and so on.As for the subscale named avoidance of being under control,there is significant difference among high school students from different ganders(t=2.71,P<0.05).The score of girls is higher than that of boys;As for the scores of control desire,there is significant difference among students from different grades(F=5.47,P<0.05).The score of the third-year students in middle school is the highest.As for the subscales of self-control(F=5.19,P<0.05)?control of situation(F=3.18,P<0.05)and avoidance of being under control(F=7.46,P<0.05),there is also significant difference among students from different grades.The third grade students' self-control and avoidance of being under control scores are the highest,and the Junior students' score of control of situation is the lowest.3?Anxiety is used as the dependent variable,and the variance is analyzed with task difficulty,control desire levels and whether being left-behind as the independent variables.The main effects of task difficulty(F=128.585,P<0.001)and whether being left-behind(F=17.345,P<0.001)are both significant.The interaction effect between task difficulty and control desire is significant(F=40.546,P<0.001).The interaction effect between task difficulty and whether being left-behind is also significant(F=7.312,P<0.01).4?Aggression is used as the dependent variable,and the variance is analyzed with task difficulty,control desire levels and whether being left-behind as the independent variables.The main effects of task difficulty(F=262.882,P<0.001)and whether being left-behind(F=22.034,P<0.001)are both significant.The interaction effect between task difficulty and control desire is significant(F=49.949,P<0.001).The interaction effect between task difficulty and whether being left-behind is also significant(F=7.428,P<0.01).The research conclusions are as follows:1?The junior high school students' desirability of control scale includes four subscales: self-control,control of situation,and avoidance of being under control and control of others.The reliability and validity of the scale are in good agreement with the requirements of psychometrics.2?Under different task difficulty,desirability of control levels and whether being left-behind affect junior high school students' anxiety.In the simple task,the subjects' anxiety level who have high control desire is lower than that of the subjects who have low control desire.While in the difficult task,the subjects' anxiety level who have high control desire is higher than that of the subjects who have low control desire.In the simple task,whether being left-behind has no significant effect on anxiety.In the difficult task,the left-behind junior high school students' anxiety level is higher than that of the non-left-behind subjects.3?Under different task difficulty,desirability of control levels and whether being left-behind affect junior high school students' aggression.In the simple task,the subjects' aggression level who have high control desire is lower than that of the subjects who have low control desire.While in the difficult task,the subjects' aggression level who have high control desire is higher than that of the subjects who have low control desire.In the simple task,whether being left-behind has no significant effect on aggression.In the difficult task,the left-behind subjects' aggression level is higher than that of the non-left-behind subjects.