Literature Receptional Research On The Shangshan Sihao

Shangshan Sihao,a group of historical figures recorded in the Historical Records and Han Dynasty,mainly experienced about three profound choices of seclusion,declining the offer of Liu Bang and getting back to assist crown prince Liu Ying in the end of Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty.Their appellation undergone the changes from “Siren” 、 “Silao”to “Sigong”、“Sihao”,the praises to their morality and behavior was gradually added into these changes,with the increasing supplements to their life experience,and Shangshan’s unique geographic location at the Tang Dynasty,“Shangshan Sihao” gradually replace the“Nanshan Sihao”,and well known by the people.“Shangshan Sihao”were basically served as a foil of chanting the praise of the Liu Bang and Zhang Liang in Han Dynasty,after first positively affirmed by Cao Zhi in the Three Kingdoms,the basic pattern of eulogizing Sihao was opened up.As the arising of the metaphysics and reclusive ideology in the Jin Dynasty,Si Hao were greatly extoled as hermits by Tao Yuan-ming,etc.What’s more,Huang Fu-mi and Ge Hong summarized Sihao to the Taoist’s Gods system.Among all the praises,Huan Xuan firstly denied the activities of Sihao in the Eastern Jin Dynasty,breaking the ground of criticizing Sihao.Tang Dynasty was a prosperous period of the reception of Sihao,especially the writer of the Tang enriched the motion of“Sihao”through endorsing and criticizing.On the basis of inheriting former generations’ idea,some scholars in the Song Dynasty reasonably questioned the reality of the Sihao’s assistance to Crown Prince.Under the social background of the Southern Song Dynasty’s corner office,Sihao were placed on the miss to country and nostalgia complex.In the Jin and Yuan Dynasty,the reception of the Sihao presented obvious sentiment of the impoverished literati.They praised the Si Hao’s seclusion,but on the other hand,they presented ridicule and indifferent attitude to Sihao’s activities.As the increasing ideological tyranny in Ming and Qing Dynasty,literary inquisition prevailed and academic atmosphere tended to empirical study,the query to the Sihao’s reality reached the unprecedented heights.The alien races’ ruling of the Qing Dynasty made the adherent scholars—bureaucrats of Ming suffered great psychic trauma,They used Qing to metaphor Qin,Han to metaphor Ming,took Si Hao’s activities of abandoning Qin assisting Liu to reflect their political idea of rebelling Qing and rebuilding Ming.In the constant development and enrichment process,the image of the Sihao were endowed the connotation of Confucianism and Gods.They embodies the traditional Confucian ideology of respecting elder and esteeming virtue,their activities were conformed to the Confucian values of living an active life,and retiring after winning merits.In the meantime,They also reflected the Taoism wisdom of governing by doing nothing goes against nature,and defeating the strong by the weak,as well as the thoughts of keeping safe without restraint.Because of their longevity,Sihao were viewed as the immortal Gods,also,Shangshan became one of the Seven—two Blessing Land in Taoism.In the long-term receptional process,Sihao’s image has been transcend the historical figures,and became a rich cultural connotation.