A Study Of Railway Worker Movement In Changchun In Early Republic Of China

In the late twentieth Century and early nineteenth Century,The Northeast China gradually became Russia and Japan's sphere of influence.After the establishment of the Republic of China,Japan changed the northeast of China into it's colony.The construction of the railway is an important method for Russia and Japan to rob the resource of the Northeast of China.Changchun is the combination of the Middle East Rail way and the South Manchurian Railway,so there were a collection of contradictions in there.With the building of the railway,railway accessories began to widely appear in Changchun.Russian and Japanese established a number of industrial and mining enterprises in Changchun on the basis of the railway.On the one hand,those companies combined with the railway expanded the scale of the city,on the other hand,it is also an important factor for the formation of colonial power in Changchun.In addition,Along with the construction and operation of the railway,the groups of railway workers in Changchun began to grow.This is the historical origin of railway workers in Changchun.Since its emergence,the railway workers in Changchun began a long period of struggle aimed at changing their detrimental situation.According to information statistics,a large number of the workers work on the three railways------the rail way of eastern China,South Manchuria Railway and the Jilin-Changchun railway work for nine to ten hours a day.In some exceptional working place,workers got even longer work time.In the aspect of income of labors,in some exceptional months,railway workers unable to make ends meet.At the early stage of the republic of China,the railway workers in Changchun faced the adverse environment themselves,at the same time,labor movement arose in the international and domestic.So it is natural for the workers to embark on the road of joint struggle with other workers' movements.Considering this,the domination organization represented by Manchuria Railway Corporation formulated a series of rules and regulations and policies to prevent and stop the railway workers' movement.In addition,Changchun railway workers are also constrained by the Chinese government's labor laws.Because of this,Changchun railway workers were in the face of the pressure of the domestic and foreign oppressors.Railway appeared in Changchun in late nineteenth Century,since that time railway workers in Changchun are in the stage of spontaneous struggle until the founding of the Communist Party of China.During this period,Changchun railway workers were mainly affected by the movement of other kinds of people,It's rare to see their own independent struggle.After the founding of the Communist Party of China,on the one hand,the Communist Party put emphasis on the working class ofChangchun,on the other hand,the railway workers in Changchun grew up in the previous period of time.The movement of the railway workers is more organized and more persistent than the previous period.In this period,The Communist Party had also set up a railway workers' organization in Changchun.It makes Manchuria Railway Corporation felt obvious pressure when dealing with the relationship between itself and Changchun railway workers.From 1912 to 1931,Changchun railway workers experienced the historical process of weak to strong.Although it had limited impact compared to the other major workers' movement at the same period,it still has its special historical role in the history of modern railway workers.This effect is more prominent in the context of the relationship between northeast region Russia and Japan.In short,history created a group of railway workers in Changchun,and this group,in turn,plays a unique role in the development of history.