The Country Clerks And Runners With The Local Social Order During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

During the Ming and qing dynasties of the collector service group,did not enter product officer team,also does not have a detailed account of in the middle of the system.For the "institutional arrangement" in groups,collectors "study,from the perspective of institutional history more digging.Collectors served more social character positioning in "local" request another's help to receive,harm.But is this a collectors served the full picture? Whether all collectors "as a social person"? This is undoubtedly worthy of our thinking.During the Ming and qing dynasties an unprecedented perfect system construction.Description since the late,the development of commodity economy have been,new changes have taken place in social class structure,accelerating the social mobility and social climate variations.Class under the background of the collector service constantly to grow,at the same time also began to seek their own survival way and measures of dealing with time change.In grass-roots society because of its "longer than the countryside,deacon yamen" particularity,for village affairs has involved in more,and have a voice and initiative.So around the collector "form a normal life order.In daily life,the collector service activities with a certain objectivity is the needs of the system arrangement.At the same time also has certain necessity.As a bridge between the officer and the people,the collector service upload issued and played a sustaining officer of the people.In the government administrative operation,is also essential important link,maintain the daily operation of government affairs.And many of village daily activities its participation.But we see in some studies,scholars in order to attract eyeball,have intention to not intentional of manufacture concept,tension,use of the tense to expres,hass their views.In these views caught more individual cases denial and distortion of the collector service role and status.So we need to the collector for her role in the local social order and the paper discusses the specific activities.Then the relationship between the official service and the primary social structure in the Ming dynasty was reduced to the basic social structure of the qing dynasty.If the officials are divided according to their rights and identity,they are at the end of the vertical bureaucratic administrative operation.The economic activities of the officials involved in the economic activities are the division of the economic relationship based on the other issues,such as litigation and litigation.Horizontal and vertical interweaves form the social relations of the grid,such social relations must have certain norms and order.Statement late until the early qing dynasty of the change of social structure and social order restore timely wind,social development,also can through the political functions of collectors service and offer certain economic peace explanation.With abundant historical data of Ming and qing dynasties and the field investigation of further in-depth,grassroots collectors at the point of view of the existing research from traditional Chinese political structure and operation of big background,break through the traditional political system history research paradigm,in-depth local government authority of the internal and external environment,contact the social control and social adjustment strategy,turned to weak states the research aspects of government operation.This article attempts from the collector service organization and service of collectors,the existence of the collector service environment and service with the participation of local affairs that collectors and land tax collection,the collector and the judicial litigation,the collector service with local culture and education and local gentry clans,collectors service interaction and the social impact of collector service to delve into the perspective of social history and local collectors service social interaction.My research aims to show the changes of the basic social structure and social order at the time of the Ming and qing dynasties through the pursuit of these phases.