A Study Of The British Mandate In Iraq

Iraq was originally part of the Ottoman Empire.After the outbreak of the World War I,the army of the British occupied Iraq.After ending of the First World War,the Britain acquired the mandate in Iraq.Subsequently it evoked the Iraqi national independent movement,which forced the Britain to adjust its strategy to maintain Britain’s rule in Iraq.Britain selected Faisal,son of the Hajaz’s King Hussein,for the King of Iraq,so the modern Kingdom of Iraq was born.However,the British still control Iraq’s military,internal affairs and diplomacy,which effected the building of the nation-state of Iraq,it also buried a hidden danger for the subsequent political chaos in Iraq.This thesis is mainly divided into 3 parts as the following:The first part is the introuduction part,including the reasons of selected topic,the research status at home and abroad,the theoretical and practical significance of the paper,and the research technique and innovation.The second part is the body part of thesis,including three chapters.The first chapter mainly explains the historical background of British mandate in Iraq.Britain disintegrated from the internal of the Ottoman Empire by economic infiltration and other ways,the gradual implementation of the political occupation of Iraq,which brought into the British colonial system.The second chapter mainly analyzes the changes of the Kingdom of Iraq under the influence of the British mandate.The Britain’s mandate impel to the transformation of Iraq from "Ottomanization" to "Arabization",while the process of building the nation-state of Iraq was advancing as the modernization process simultaneously.In the later Kingdom of Iraq,the military’s political status became increasingly prominent,opening the Iraqi military intervention.The third chapter mainly discusses the influence of British mandate on modern political construction,democratic political concept and national territory of Iraq.Britain’s mandate promoted Iraqi the construction of administrative machineries,the administration of justice,the law system and parliamentary politics,making Iraqi the modern state political system into a scale.Meanwhile,British reign promote the penetration of the Western nationalist ideology in Iraq,which stimulated the development of the Arab nationalist movement in Iraq.Therule of the British manipulated the demarcation of the territory of Iraq,which laid the groundwork for Iraq’s future border dispute.The third part is the concluding part of the thesis.The British mandate in Iraq is an important part of the British colonial strategy after the First World War.The dual mission of colonialism has caused Iraq’s national contradictions,sectarian conflict,military politics,intervention of the Great Power.These are aslo historical roots of Modern Middle East turbulence.As a result,under the guidance of the national interests,the British mandate has brought great obstacles to the development,finally impact of the Iraqi nation-state building and modernization of progress.