Phonetic Research On Yanchi Of Yao County Dialect

Yaoxian is located in the southern part of the Guanzhong Plain in central Shaanxi.Yaoxian dialect belongs to Guanzhong dialect of Zhongyuan mandarin Chinese.Based on field survey, I accurately describe language situation of Yaoxian Yanchi dialect and analyze Yaoxian Yanchi dialect from the viewpoints of both synchronic and diachronic.The first chapter tells the geographical condition, history, population and dialect belongings inYaoxian, including Yaoxian Yanchi dialect’s research status, significance of choosing this topic, research theory and methods.The second chapter 1 investigate the initials, finals and tone.There are twenty-four initials, forty-four finals and four tones in Yaoxian Yanchi dialect. Based on this, I inductive and reveal 2-word group continuing reading tonal modulationg in Yaoxian Yanchi dialect.2-word group whose second word isn’t in a soft voice can turn into 21+44、21+53 when they are level tones and falling tone, falling-rising tone and falling-rising tone. The rest are invariant. When the front of the 2-word group whose second word is in a soft voice is rising tone, the back of soft voice is 53. When the rest whose the front word isn’t rising word, the back of soft voice is 21. In addition, the article completely research the phenomena between spoken language and written language.In third chapter, I make the homophony sullabary of Yaoxian Yanch dialect.According to compare with Qieyun phonetic system in forth chapter, I summary the corresponding rules of ancient-modern phonetic evolution and conclude the phonetic features of Yaoxian Yanchi dialect. In the aspect of initials, there are these phonetic features. First, if the ancient all muddy initials meet the modern plosive and affricate, twenty-eight percent initials will become aspirates. Second, if ancient Pang initials, Guoshe, Yushe, Shanste, Tongshe in Bing initials meet the finals γ or u, the initials will turn into fricative f. Several initials in Yushe in Bang initials also change into f. Third, if the head vowel or finals is u in ancient Wei initials, Yi initials and Ying initials, u is still u when the main vowel is former vowel. On the contrary, u will become v when the main vowel is back vowel or (?). Forth, if initials in Tou initials meet front-open vowel, the initials all become tgh. Fifth, ancient words in first-class and three-class Hekou Jing group in Shanshe and Zhenshe will be the same as Jian phonetic system. The head vowel in finial is y and the initials will become t(?)、t(?)h、(?). Sixth,the words in Jing group will be pronounced ts、 tsh、s when they meet Hongyin vowels. The words in Jing group will be pronounced t(?)、t(?)h、(?) when they meet front-open vowels. We should pay attention to the head vowel u in the Hekou words of Jing group and Zhao phonetic system which will become (?) when they meet ts, tsh、s. Seventh, the words in Kaikou Jian phonetic system retain the velar pronunciation. In the aspect of finals, there are these phonetic features. First, the words in Moyun Duan phonetic and YuYuyun Zhao group are the same as Liushe read au now. However, labial words in Youyun and Houyun in Liushe will be confluent with Yushe read u now. Second, ancient words in second-class Kaikou velar and guttural in Xieshe will be read ε or iε. Third, the He kou first-class Ru tones’words in Bang phonetic system of Guoshe, Shanshe and Zhensht will be read γ. The Kaikou first-class Ru tones’words in Bang phonetic system of Dangshe. Forth, the Kaikou second-class words in Bang, Zhi, Jian phonetic system of Gengshe and the Kaikou third-class Ru tones’words in Shen, Zhen, Zengshe will be read ei except for He(walnut) read as (?). Fifth, en, in, uen, (?)en, yun in mandarin of Shanshe and Zhenshe will be read ei, iei, uei, (?)ei, yei. In the aspect of tone, ancient Qing and Cizhuo Ru tone words are read as level tones today.At last, we think an in Guanzhong dialect evolves along two roads,(?)n>(?)η and (?)n>ei. That is to say, the rhyme tail of back nasals or place of articulation moves back or move forward. Yaoxian Yanchi dialect chooses the latter. In Yaoxian Yanchi dialect, an receives nasalization earliest and an changes fastest.