The Analysis Of 39 Patients With Multiple Myeloma And The Relationship Between Clinical Features And FISH Detection

Objective: To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 39 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM)patients,and also to investigate the correlation between clinical features and different cytogenetic abnormalities risk group through FISH detection.Materials and Methods: The information and clinnical date of the newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients presented in the First Hospital of Lanzhou University during recent three years were collected,and illustrated the characteristics of the disease.Also,according to the 2017 guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple myeloma in China,all patients had cytogenetic abnormalities tested by FISH were divided into low-risk and high-risk group,respectively analyzed the correlations between the age,hemoglobin,albumin,creatinine,serum calcium,LDH,β-2 microglobulin,the plasma cell proportion in marrow and different cytogenetic abnormalities risk group.The correlation was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation using SPSS 22.0 software.Results:(1)The age of the patients ranged from 40 to 87 years,the median age was 61 years;males accounted for 64.10%(25/39)and women 35.90%(14/39).The IgG type was of great proportion,reaching at 48.72%(19/39)and 48.72%(19/39)of the patients were at stage III through D-S grading system.At the initial diagnosis,nearly 61.54%(24/39)presented as anemia that the hemoglobin was fewer than 100 g/L,7.7%(3/39)were in hypercalcemia group(>2.60mmol/L)before the calcium was corrected,while the proportion was up to 20.51%(8/39)after the correction of the serum calcium.About 20.51%(8/39)patients had high serum creatinine and high LDH;61.54%(24/39)possessed high β2-microglobulin that was more than 3.5 mg/L,and 94.87%(37/39)of them were combined with different degrees of bone destruction.(2)The cytogenetic abnormalities rate of MM was about 84.62%(33/39)through FISH detection.We found that the proportion of RB1 deletion and D13S319 deletion was more commom,56.41%(22/39)and 46.15%(18/39)respectively,IGH rearrangement was about 46.15%(18/39),P53 deletion rate was 33.33%(13/39),while the amplification of 1q21 accounted for 20.51%(8/39).(3)The higher levels of serum creatinine,lactate dehydrogenase,β2-microglobulin and bone marrow plasma cell ratio were,the higher risk for cytogenetic abnormalities group were;whlie the correlation between the age,hemoglobin,albumin,corrected serum calcium and the risk group of cytogenetic abnormalities were of no significance.Conclusions:(1)MM usually occured in middle-aged and older men;The IgG type was more common;The patients were at late stage of the disease when at their first treatment;Most of them presented with high β2-microglobulin and LDH;Patients with increased creatinine and hypercalcemia were not common;The level of β2-microglobulin was higher in most patient;Most of them suffererd different levels of bone destruction,in which the thoracolumbar spine was more likely to be involved.The RB1 deletion and D13S319 deletion was more common in the cytogenetic abnormalities by FISH detection.(2)Serum creatinine,lactate dehydrogenase,β2-microglobulin and bone marrow plasma cell ratio were positively correlated with the risk group of cytogenetic abnormalities;while age,hemoglobin,albumin and corrected serum calcium had no signif icant correlation with cytogenetic risk group.