Correlation Analysis Between Cytogenetic Abnormalities Detected By FISH And Clinical Characteristics And Prognosis Of Patients With First Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Objective:To explore the correlation between clinical characteristics,FISH test results,m SMART stratification and prognosis of patients with primary multiple myeloma(MM).Methods:The clinical medical records of 68 MM patients in Shanxi People’s Hospital from May 2018 to May 2022,using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)method,comparing the relationship between different m SMART risk stratification and the basic clinical characteristics of MM patients,using the Kaplan-Meier method,compare the overall survival(OS)of different abnormal chromosomes,and COX regression analysis to influence the risk factors of newly diagnosed MM patients.Results:1.Clinical features: 38 males(55.9%),30 female(44.1%),median age 65(40～82);DS stage: 60,8,I 0;R-ISS stage: 19,49,0 stage I;grouped according to m SMART 3.0 risk,including 32 in high-risk group and 36 in standard-risk group.2.FISH test results: FISH test results showed 67.6%(46 / 68)of 68 new MM patients,with 1q21 amplification 30.9%(21 / 68),13q14 missing 19.1%(13 / 68),p53 missing 8.9%(6 / 68),and Ig H rearrangement 48.5%(33 / 68).3.Correlation between different m SMART risk stratification of patients and clinicopathological characteristics: high risk and standard risk group in DS stage,hemoglobin,lactate dehydrogenase(P <0.05),but not in gender,age,M protein type,β-2 microglobulin,serum albumin,globulin,creatinine,M protein ratio,plasma cell ratio(P> 0.05).4.Survival analysis of different FISH test results in newly diagnosed MM patients:m SMART High risk group was statistically significant(P=0.009);p53 deletion positive group had shorter OS(P=0.039,P <0.001)than 1q21 amplification negative and p53 deletion negative group;IGH positive group and 13q14 positive group(P=0.338,P=0.931).5.Prognosis analysis of newly diagnosed MM patients: m SMART stratification,1q21 amplification,p53 deletion,hemoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase are other factors affecting the poor prognosis of newly diagnosed MM patients,and p53 deficiency and elevated lactate dehydrogenase are independent risk factors affecting the survival of MM patients.Conclusion:Cytogenetic abnormalities detected by FISH are an important factor affecting the prognosis of MM,and p53 deficiency and elevated lactate dehydrogenase are independent risk factors affecting the survival of MM patients.P53 deficiency can be used as the target of MM evaluation prognosis and treatment,which is one of the hot spots of MM research.