The Establishment Of Patient-derived Xenograft Models Of Colorectal Cancer And Observation Of Antitumor Effect Of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Research Background and Purpose:Colorectal cancer(CRC)including colon cancer and rectal cancer,in developed countries the incidence rate is high,up to 30?50/100 thousand[1].CRC is one of the most common digestive tract malignant tumors,accounting for fourth of all cancers,with a mortality rate of second.The incidence and mortality of CRC in China are also rising year by year,but the five year survival rate is lower than that in developed countries.The main treatment measures for advanced CRC are surgical resection combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy,but postoperative recurrence and metastasis rate is high.Chemotherapy can prolong the survival time of patients,but the side effects of drugs are obvious,which will reduce the quality of life of patients.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)plays an important role in the comprehensive treatment of tumors.Chinese medicine injections such as Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection and Aidi injection,have a significant role in inhibiting the proliferation of CRC cells,improving the tolerance of the body.Because of the limitations of research methods,the valuable clinical data of Chinese medicine injections are relatively lack,which makes it difficult to be widely accepted.Patient derived xenograft(PDX)model is established by subcutaneously transplanting freshly-derived surgical tumor specimens into immunodeficient mice,which can maximize the retention of tumor heterogeneity and guide the clinical treatment of tumor.PDX model can be used to test drug sensitivity,find targets and carry out precise treatment.At present,many cancer research institutes are establishing PDX specimen bank,which are applied to the research of antitumor drugs.The aim of our study is to establish PDX models of CRC,for further observing the antitumor efficacy,and providing more evidence-based medical evidence for TCM.Research Methods:1 Establish the PDX model of CRC:screening 5 cases of CRC in the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine.CRC PDX models were established by using tumor tissue specimens obtained during operation and subcultured.2 Effect of TCM on the proliferation of CRC cells:CCK-8 assay:the report of 'a large variety of Chinese medicine science and technology competitiveness(2016 Edition)' summaries a large variety of traditional Chinese medicine.We selected four high frequency drugs:Kanglaite injection,Aidi injection,Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection,and Cinobutacini injection.The 4 kinds of TCM injections were used to detect the cell activity,and the proliferation inhibition of SW480,HCT116,HT29 and HCT15 were observed.Flow cytometry(FCM):the effect of TCM on the proportion of cell apoptosis was observed.Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining experiment:to observe the effect of TCM on the morphology of HCT116 and HCT15 cells.3 Antitumor effect of TCM:CRC PDX models were used as the research objects,and divided into the control group,the Chinese medicine treatment group and the western medicine treatment group.21 days after the administration,the antitumor effect of TCM was observed.Research Results:1 PDX models of CRC:from Dec 2016 to May 2017,5 CRC specimens were collected,and 3 PDX models were finally established.The success rate of modeling was 60%.2 Effect of TCM on the proliferation of CRC:CCK-8 assay:the results suggest that Kanglaite injection,Aidi injection,Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection,and Cinobutacini injection can inhibite SW480,HCT116,HT29 and HCT15.At the same concentration,Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection and Aidi injection showed strong antiproliferative effect with dose-and time-dependent.So we chosen Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection and Aidi injection for anti-tumor efficacy,HCT116 and HCT15 cells for apoptosis research.Flow cytometry:the results suggest that Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection and Aidi injection could induce the apoptosis of HCT116 and HCT15 cells with a dose and time-dependent manner.Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining experiment:To observe Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection and Aidi injection can lead to HCT116 and HCT15 nuclear condensation and fragmentation with dose and time related.3 Antitumor effect of TCM:In 3 cases of CRC PDX modesl,1 model was sensitive to Brucea javanica oil emulsion,1 model was sensitive to Aidi injection,and 1 model was sensitive to both two drugs.The conclusions are as follows:1 we have successfully established 3 CRC PDX models,which can keep the primary tumor heterogeneity,can be used for the evaluation of antitumor agents,and help to guide drug selection and achieve precise treatment.2 Brucea javanica oil emulsion injection and Aidi injection can inhibit the growth of human CRC cells,induce apoptosis.