Research On The Commercial Specification Grades And Quality Of Common Yam Rhizome

Objective:To carry out market research on yam herbs and slices,and to study the specifications and quality of yam medicinal herbs and slices based on the traditional science and technology of yam herbs,and to develop new standards for their specifications and Pieces industry Provide a scientific basis.Methods:Firstly,the traits,size,color,texture and odor of 50 yam medicinal materials and Pieces were investigated.On the basis of microscopic identification,67 samples were obtained according to the index values.Secondly,the contents of Pb,Cr,As,Cu,Zn,Cd and Hg in samples were studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).Allantoin,adenosine,?-sitosterol,monosaccharide and oligosaccharides were detected by HPLC,and the polysaccharide was determined by UV-VIS.(Antioxidation activity and hypoglycemic activity)were evaluated by vitro model.Finally,the results were analyzed by statistical analysis,cluster analysis and variance analysis in SPSS software.Results: The contents of water and total ash of yam herbs and Pieces were in accordance with the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Four samples of extract were unqualified,namely,008 light yam(Dioscorea.persimilis.),040sulfur-free Huai yam pills(Dioscorea alata L.),062 yam pills(Dioscorea alata L.),063 the head blade,and the other samples were qualified;the amount of su Lfur dioxide exceeded 8;heavy metal test results showed that021 Mao yam Hg exceeded 0.2 times,027 the slippy yam pieces exceeded 4times;in the chemical composition,the relevant of the analysis showed that the correlation between the components was significant,and the correlation between the grades was very significant.The results of cluster analysis showed that the white yam was clustered into a class,and the other yam became a large group.Tablets all together into a class,the other yam together into a class;level,the third part of the yam pills was alone as a class,first class,second class for a class,Mao yam,the slippy yam pills,Mao yam pills of grades were dispersed.The results of the variance showed that the pills had significant differences with other specifications,and there was no regularity between grades,and allantoin,adenosine,?-sitosterol,monosaccharides,oligosaccharides,glutamate,alanine.The results showed that the whole yam had a strong ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals.Yam pills than Mao yam,light yam antioxidant activity was small.In the aspect of hypoglycemic,yam pills than Mao yam,light yam was small,Inhibitory effect of glucosidase was weak(compared with the positive control),and the inhibition of ?-glucosidase was significantly different between the grades of the yam pills,but there was no significant difference between the mao yam and the slight yam(including the Pieces)The inhibition of?-amylase was weak,the maximum was only about 30%.Conclusion: In the chemical composition,the content of the pills was much higher than other specifications,which may be related to the origin of the yam,the way of processing,etc.There was no regularity in the chemical composition at the level,which to some extent reflected that the yam was not necessarily the larger the diameter,the greater the thickness of the middle,the higher the chemical composition;and the yellowing of the pills,the chemical composition of the brown sample was not reduced,the reason may be the yam in the phenolic,sugar composition has changed,while others Ingredients did not change significantly.In the antioxidant activity,Mao yam and its Pieces,light yam and its pills stronger than the pills,may be because of its residual sulfur dioxide more,perhaps the ability of sulfur dioxide to remove DPPH free radicals,resulting in a false;Hypoglycemia,the whole yam on the inhibition of ?-glucosidase weak(compared with the positive control acarbose),in the specifications of the pill on the?-glucosidase inhibition than other specifications,and chemical The results of the principal component analysis in the evaluation are consistent.