Advanced Research Of Diagnosis And Treatment For Atlantoaxial Dislocation

Atlantoaxial dislocation is a common disease of the craniocervical junction.In tradition,it is considered as atlanto-axial joint disorder with or without high spinal cord compression induced by trauma,infection,tumor and congenital factors.Due to the complicated anatomy,the special function,the deep location and the instability after dislocation,the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation are often characterised by a challenging work.There are many clinical classifications used.Of those,Tan's and Wang's classification method have instructional significance for clinic.On the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation can be broadly classified into conservative therapy and surgical methods.Each has its own indications.For the patients with lighter injury and stable dislocation,conservative therapy should be the optimal choice,which including traction therapy,external fixation brace and so on.And the unstable cases with or without injuries of nerve root and spinal cord,surgical intervention should be considered.Common opinions include posterior surgery alone,anterior surgery alone,or combination treatment.For optimal results,the oparetion method should be individualized depending on diagnosis and injury type.With the improvement of surgical medical technique,the technology and equipments in treating atlantoaxial dislocation are also in progressing.In this paper,we reviewed the present situation and the latest research progress in treating atlantoaxial dislocation,so as to provide a reference for the appropriate treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation.